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Aardrykskunde

Graad 5

Hulpbronne

Module 18

Natuurlike hulpbronne: minerale

Minerale as natuurlike hulpbron

Suid-Afrika is ryk aan minerale soos goud, yster, steenkool, platinum en diamante. Soos die kaart op die volgende bladsy duidelik aandui, is die minerale van Suid-Afrika in die noordoostelike deel van ons land gekonsentreer. Steenkool en goud maak ‘n baie groot persentasie van ons land se minerale rykdom uit.

Minerale van Suid-Afrika

Sommige van die minerale word op die oppervlak gedelf (diamante), terwyl ander diep onder die grond onder baie gevaarlike omstandighede gemyn word.

Yster, wat ‘n kernkomponent in die vervaardiging van staal is, is weer nie so volop nie. Staal word vervaardig deur ystererts en ander minerale in groot oonde saam te smelt. Plat plate staal word hieruit vervaardig, wat weer later gebruik word om ander produkte te vervaardig. Staal vorm ‘n baie belangrike komponent in die moderne vervaardigingsproses. Dink maar net weer aan die motor waarna ons vroeër in die module verwys het. Sonder staal sal die produksielyn vir motorvoertuie buite produksie wees.

Daar is twee hoofmetodes van mynbou:

oop myne;

tonnelmyne.

Minerale soos yster, koper, asbes en diamante word somtyds in oop myne gedelf. Dit is bloot ‘n groot oop gat in die aarde wat op so ‘n manier gegrawe word dat daar ‘n spiraalpad na die diepste deel van die gat lei. So kan voertuie dan tot op elke vlak van die myn beweeg om erts en materiaal te vervoer na die plek van prosessering.

Wanneer minerale egter baie diep onder die grond gevind word, is dit nodig om ‘n skag in die aarde te maak sodat die mynwerkers by die minerale kan uitkom. ‘n Skagtoring word opgerig en ‘n diep gat word in die grond geboor. Uit hierdie gat word dwarsgange en tonnels deur skaggrawers gegrawe tot by die riwwe met delfstowwe. Hierdie gange en tonnels lê op verskillende vlakke.

Die minerale word met dinamiet losgeskiet en dan uitgegrawe. Die “gruis” word dan op ysterbakke (koekepanne), wat soos ‘n trein op ‘n spoor loop, gelaai en met hysbakke na die oppervlak van die grond gehys waar dit verwerk word en oortollige rots op mynhope gegooi word. Die waterige oorblyfsels gaan na ‘n slykdam .

Aktiwiteit

Om 'n diagram van byskrifte te voorsien

[lu 1.1]

  • Raadpleeg weer die vorige paragrawe en voorsien die dwarssnit van ‘n tonnelmyn van die nodige byskrifte.

Assessering

LU 1

AARDRYKSKUNDIGE ONDERSOEK

Die leerder is in staat om ondersoekvaardighede te gebruik om aardrykskundige en omgewingsbegrippe en -prosesse te ondersoek.

Dit is duidelik wanneer die leerder:

  • bronne met nuttige aardrykskundige inligting kan kies en gebruik;
  • tussen feite en menings onderskei [werk met bronne];
  • inligting kategoriseer;
  • sketskaarte en/of planne na aanleiding van veldwaarnemings en afmetings teken [werk met bronne];

1.6 moontlike oplossings vir probleme identifiseer en ondersoek [beantwoord die vraag];

  • deur projekte, bespreking, debat en diagramme, kennis en begrip van die vraagstuk toon [dra die antwoord oor].

Questions & Answers

how does Neisseria cause meningitis
Nyibol Reply
what is microbiologist
Muhammad Reply
what is errata
Muhammad
is the branch of biology that deals with the study of microorganisms.
Ntefuni Reply
What is microbiology
Mercy Reply
studies of microbes
Louisiaste
when we takee the specimen which lumbar,spin,
Ziyad Reply
How bacteria create energy to survive?
Muhamad Reply
Bacteria doesn't produce energy they are dependent upon their substrate in case of lack of nutrients they are able to make spores which helps them to sustain in harsh environments
_Adnan
But not all bacteria make spores, l mean Eukaryotic cells have Mitochondria which acts as powerhouse for them, since bacteria don't have it, what is the substitution for it?
Muhamad
they make spores
Louisiaste
what is sporadic nd endemic, epidemic
Aminu Reply
the significance of food webs for disease transmission
Abreham
food webs brings about an infection as an individual depends on number of diseased foods or carriers dully.
Mark
explain assimilatory nitrate reduction
Esinniobiwa Reply
Assimilatory nitrate reduction is a process that occurs in some microorganisms, such as bacteria and archaea, in which nitrate (NO3-) is reduced to nitrite (NO2-), and then further reduced to ammonia (NH3).
Elkana
This process is called assimilatory nitrate reduction because the nitrogen that is produced is incorporated in the cells of microorganisms where it can be used in the synthesis of amino acids and other nitrogen products
Elkana
Examples of thermophilic organisms
Shu Reply
Give Examples of thermophilic organisms
Shu
advantages of normal Flora to the host
Micheal Reply
Prevent foreign microbes to the host
Abubakar
they provide healthier benefits to their hosts
ayesha
They are friends to host only when Host immune system is strong and become enemies when the host immune system is weakened . very bad relationship!
Mark
what is cell
faisal Reply
cell is the smallest unit of life
Fauziya
cell is the smallest unit of life
Akanni
ok
Innocent
cell is the structural and functional unit of life
Hasan
is the fundamental units of Life
Musa
what are emergency diseases
Micheal Reply
There are nothing like emergency disease but there are some common medical emergency which can occur simultaneously like Bleeding,heart attack,Breathing difficulties,severe pain heart stock.Hope you will get my point .Have a nice day ❣️
_Adnan
define infection ,prevention and control
Innocent
I think infection prevention and control is the avoidance of all things we do that gives out break of infections and promotion of health practices that promote life
Lubega
Heyy Lubega hussein where are u from?
_Adnan
en français
Adama
which site have a normal flora
ESTHER Reply
Many sites of the body have it Skin Nasal cavity Oral cavity Gastro intestinal tract
Safaa
skin
Asiina
skin,Oral,Nasal,GIt
Sadik
How can Commensal can Bacteria change into pathogen?
Sadik
How can Commensal Bacteria change into pathogen?
Sadik
all
Tesfaye
by fussion
Asiina
what are the advantages of normal Flora to the host
Micheal
what are the ways of control and prevention of nosocomial infection in the hospital
Micheal
what is inflammation
Shelly Reply
part of a tissue or an organ being wounded or bruised.
Wilfred
what term is used to name and classify microorganisms?
Micheal Reply
Binomial nomenclature
adeolu
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Source:  OpenStax, Sosiale wetenskappe: aardrykskunde graad 5. OpenStax CNX. Sep 22, 2009 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col10985/1.2
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