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Natuurwetenskappe

Graad 4

Materie en stowwe

Module 52

Die toestande waarin materie voorkom

Aktiwiteit:

Om die drie vorms waarin materie voorkom, te bespreek

[lu 1.3.1, 1.2.2, 1.2.3]

Kyk of jy die geskommelde letters kan regpak om die drie vorms van materie neer te skryf.

1. s v t e a t f o s

2. s e v i t f I o o

3. s s e a g

Kom ons kyk na elke vorm se eienskappe. Van watter een praat ons nou?

Eie vorm, het massa, kan dit sien, neem ruimte in:

Nie eie vorm nie, kan dit sien, neem ruimte in:

Nie eie vorm nie, kan dit nie sien nie:

Materie kan van vorm verander

Wat, dink jy, kan in al drie vorms verander?

Probeer die volgende (3):

Maak interessante ysblokkies in ‘n vrieskas. Gooi sommer blaartjies of ‘n mooi blommetjie in elke hokkie saam met die water. Wag totdat dit gevries het.

Die water het nou hard geword. Wat noem ons dit?

Ons noem dit ._________________

Teken dit.

Haal die ysblokkies uit die houertjie en sit vier in ‘n potjie op ‘n stofie en vier ander in ‘n ander houer. Wat gebeur met die ysblokkies op die stofie?

Die ysblokkies het nou weer verander. Wat noem ons dit nou?

Ons noem dit ____________________

Teken dit.

Wat gebeur met die ander blokkies? Wat help dat ysblokkies vinniger smelt?

Laat die water in die potjie op die stoof nou lekker vinnig kook.

Wat gebeur nou met die water? Wat noem ons dit?

Ons noem dit ________________

Teken dit.

Wat is die temperatuur as water kook?

Wat is die temperatuur as water vries?

Probeer die volgende (4):

Neem vier ysblokkies. Plaas een in die yskas, een op ‘n tafel, een by ‘n brandende kers, een in ‘n glashouer. Maak ‘n grafiek op die bord deur elke halfuur te kyk teen watter tempo elkeen smelt.

Wat is jou gevolgtrekking?

My gevolgtrekking is:

Kom ons maak pret! Deel die klasmaats op in drie groepe. Die een groep is die vaste stowwe, die ander groep is die vloeistowwe en die laaste groep is die gasse. Wees kreatief en hou ‘n vertoning oor elkeen se eienskappe! Gebruik musiek, rommel, snaakse kostuums of klere en hope kreatiwiteit!

Sommige veranderinge in materie is tydelik, ander permanent

Probeer die volgende (5):

Bring 10 verskillende houers skool toe en gooi elke keer dieselfde glas water in ‘n ander houer. Kyk hoe verander die water van vorm.

Bespreek die volgende veranderinge:

sneeu op die berge;

waterplasse op die skoolterrein;

wasgoed;

wasem in ‘n stort;

ysblokkie.

Assessering

LEERUITKOMS 1: WETENSKAPLIKE ONDERSOEK

Die l eerder is in staat om met selfvertroue op weetgierigheid oor natuurlike verskynsels te reageer, en om binne die konteks van wetenskap, tegnologie en die omgewing verbande te ondersoek en probleme op te los.

Assesseringstandaarde

Dis duidelik wanneer die leerder

1.2 ondersoeke uitvoer en data versamel, bv.:

1.2.1 toets eie idees uit van hoe materiaal moontlik sal reageer;

1.2.2 herhaal die aktiwiteite op verskillende maniere en ervaar die verskynsel op ander maniere.

1.2 data evalueer en bevindings kommunikeer, bv.:

1.3.1 beskryf eie persepsies van die gebeurtenis met betrekking tot die doel van die ondersoek.

Memorandum

  • Kyk of jy die geskommelde letters kan regpak om die drie vorms van materie neer te skryf.

1. s v t e a t f o s : vaste stof

2. s e v i t f I o o : vloeistof

3. s s e a g : gasse

KOM ONS KYK NA ELKE VORM SE EIENSKAPPE:

Van watter een praat ons nou?

  • Eie vorm, het massa, kan dit sien, neem ruimte in: vaste stof
  • Nie eie vorm nie, kan dit sien, neem ruimte in: vloeistof
  • Nie eie vorm nie, kan dit nie sien nie: gasse

MATERIE KAN VAN VORM VERANDER

Probeer die volgende (3)

  • Wat, dink jy, kan in al drie vorms verander? Teken elkeen in sy eie blokkie en maak ‘n byskrif by elkeen.Antwoord:
  • water kan in al drie vorms verander. Leerders teken ‘n glas water met vloeistof as byskrif, teken ‘n ysblokkie met vaste stof as byskrif en teken ‘n ketel wat water kook met gasse as byskrif.
  • Wat is die temperatuur as water kook?
  • Wat is die temperatuur as water vries? Antwoord:
  • 100 grade C
  • 0 grade C

Probeer die volgende (4)

  • Gevolgtrekking: die een naby die brandende kers smelt die vinnigste, die een in die yskas smelt die stadigste. Hitte laat water gou smelt, koue laat dit stadig smelt.

Probeer die volgende (5)

  • Laat leerders self die eksperiment doen.
  • Veranderinge:
  • sneeu op die berge: die vaste stof verander in vloeistof
  • waterplasse op die berge: vloeistof verander in gas
  • wasgoed: vloeistof verander in gas
  • wasem in stort: gas verander in vloeistof
  • ysblokkie: vaste stof verander in vloeistof

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Source:  OpenStax, Natuurwetenskappe graad 4. OpenStax CNX. Sep 18, 2009 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11097/1.1
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