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Sosiale wetenskappe: aardrykskunde

Graad 6

Handel en ontwikkeling

Module 13

Miv/vigs as ontwikkelingsvraagstuk

MIV/Vigs is ‘n skrikwekkende realiteit, soos deur die volgende koerantberig uit Die Burger van 1 Desember 2004 weergegee word.

Vigs neem steeds toe in SA

Syfers “vermom” die werklike omvang van MIV/vigs in die land

Antoinette Pienaar

PRETORIA. – Die mees verwoestende fase van Suider-Afrika se vigspandemie is dalk reeds met ons, maar word deur statistieke “vermom”.

In die Verenigde Nasies se jongste vigsverslag word gemaan dat die oënskynlike stabilisering van die voorkoms van MIV/Vigs in sommige lande in dié streek nie noodwendig beteken die pandemie het spoed verloor nie.

Dit sluit Suid-Afrika in waar die departement van gesondheid vroeër vanjaar die effens kleiner styging van MIV/vigs onder swanger vroue (van 25% in 2001 tot 26,5% in 2002 en 27,9% in 2003) bestempel het as die eerste tekens van stabilisering.

Luidens die verslag kan stabilisering die ergste fase van die pandemie versteek wanneer vigs net soveel lewens eis as die getal mense wat die virus opdoen.

Suid-Afrika het steeds die grootste getal mense met MIV/vigs ter wêreld – tussen 4,5 miljoen en 6,2 miljoen en klim waarskynlik steeds. In een van die landelike dele van KwaZulu-Natal het vigsverwante sterftes in die jare negentig só gestyg dat dit teen 2000 48% van alle sterftes onder volwassenes teenwoordig het.

“Die sterftes in dié streek gaan beslis toeneem in die volgende paar jaar omdat die voorkoms van MIV/vigs daar in die laat jare negentig skerp gestyg het. Vigs-sterftes weerspieël die getal nuwe gevalle van MIV/vigs van tien jaar tevore”. Luidens die verslag is daar wêreldwyd tussen 35,9 miljoen en 44,3 miljoen mense met MIV/vigs.

Sowat 4,9 miljoen mense sal na verwagting vanjaar MIV-positief word en 3,1 miljoen aan vigsverwante siektes sterf. Suider-Afrika word verreweg die swaarste getref, met sowat 25,4 miljoen MIV-positiewe mense vanjaar vergeleke met 24,4 miljoen in 2002. Byna twee derdes van alle mense met MIV/vigs woon in hierdie streek. Hoewel die wêreld vanjaar meer as $6,1 miljard (sowat R36,5 miljard) aan die pandemie bestee het tenoor $2,1 miljard in 2001, het minder as 1% van alle mense tussen 15 en 49 jaar toegang tot MIV-toetsing en berading in die 73 lande wat die swaarste getref word.

Tussen 5 miljoen en 6 miljoen mense het dadelik behandeling met antri-retrovirale medisyne nodig. Minder as 10% wat dit moet kry, het toegang daartoe.

Die Burger, 1 Desember 2004

Aktiwiteit 1:

Om afleidings uit bronne te maak

[lu 1.1, 1.2, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3]

  • Gebruik die koerantberig op bladsy 25 as bron (jy kan ook ander bronne raadpleeg) en voltooi die volgende tabel.
UITWERKING VAN MIV/VIGS
Suid-Afrika se posisie op die Vigs-ranglys
Getal mense met vigs in Suid-Afrika
SA provinsie met hoogste vigs-syfers
Persentasie groei in vigs-gevalle in SA van 2002 tot 2004
Persentasie groei in wêreld fondse vir vigs vanaf 2002 tot 2004
Persentasie vigs-gevalle wat nie toegang het tot die nodige antiretrovirale medisyne nie

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Source:  OpenStax, Aardrykskunde graad 6. OpenStax CNX. Sep 07, 2009 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col10999/1.1
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