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Natuurwetenskappe

Graad 9

Lewensprosesse: ‘n gesonde lewe

Module 4

Asemhalingsisteem van die mens

Struktuur van die asemhalingsisteem:

  • Jy het lugweë wat bestaan uit neusgange, mondholte, keel (farinks), 'n trachea (lugpyp) en twee bronchi (longpype).
  • Jy het twee longe bestaande uit duisende longsakkies/blasies of alveoli – die oppervlakte word dus vergroot tot so groot soos 'n pluimbalbaan!
  • Die diafragma en tussenribspiere .

Klasaktiwiteit: studie van skaap- of varklonge

  • Indien moontlik, moet jou onderwyser bogenoemde dele aan jou toon deur gebruik te maak van 'n skaap of vark se longe.

Die asemhalingsisteem van die mens

Prosesse

  • Behalwe voeding, is daar nog ander stelsels of sisteme in die mens wat belangrik is vir die doeltreffende funksionering van die liggaam. Ons gaan kyk na asemhaling, ekskresie, voortbeweging en die skelet, asook na voortplanting.
  • Elke sel in die liggaam van 'n lewende organisme moet suurstof hê vir RESPIRASIE . Dit is die ENERGIEGEWENDE PROSES waartydens glukose "verbrand" word in die teenwoordigheid van suurstof. Die afvalproduk is koolstofdioksied.
  • Die plek waar hierdie verbranding plaasvind binne-in selle, is die MITOCHONDRIA .
  • Die manier waarop al hierdie stowwe by die selle in- en uitkom, is met behulp van die bloedstroom.
  • Die manier waarop suurstof in die bloed beland, is deur ASEMHALING en GASWISSELING.
  • ASEMHALING : die proses waardeur lug in die longe in en daaruit beweeg met behulp van spiere. Ons noem dit INSPIRASIE (inaseming) en EKSPIRASIE (uitaseming).
  • GASWISSELING : die proses waardeur gasse soos koolstofdioksied en suurstof in die longe tot in die bloed beweeg, asook by die selle.
  • RESPIRASIE : die energiegewende proses in mitochondria in selle.

Aanpassing vir die prosesse:

  • Vir ASEMHALING is daar 'n DIAFRAGMA of spierplaat onder die longe wat inbult en drukking in die borskas verander; daar is ook TUSSENRIBSPIERE wat die ribbekas kan laat beweeg.
  • Vir GASWISSELING is daar duisende longblasies of ALVEOLI met baie dun bloedvatryke oppervlaktes wat klam is.
  • Vir RESPIRASIE is daar fyn bloedkapillêre wat tot by elke sel strek met WEEFSELVLOEISTOF wat elke sel omring; daar is ook vele mitochondria .
  • VERKLAAR ELKEEN VAN DIE AANPASSINGS IN DIE TABEL.
Diafragma
Tussenribspiere
Duisende alveoli
Bloedkapillêre met dun enkel-wande
Alveoli met enkellaagepiteel
Mukusmembrane met cilia

Klasopdrag: TEKENING

  • Maak 'n skets om die alveoli en 'n bloedkapillêr te toon wat die beweging van die gasse illustreer.

Assessering: TEKENING

Kon jy 'n korrekte skets teken?

[LU 2.3]

Assessering

.

LU 2

Konstruksie van Wetenskapkennis

Die leerder ken, interpreteer en pas wetenskaplike, tegnologiese en omgewingskennis toe.

Dit is bewys as die leerder:

2.1 betekenisvolle inligting kan onthou;

2.2 inligting kan kategoriseer;

2.3 inligting kan interpreteer;

2.4 kennis kan toepas.

Memorandum

Asemhalingsisteem van die mens

VERKLAAR ELKEEN VAN DIE AANPASSINGS IN DIE TABEL:

Diafragma Borsholte vergroot/verklein
Tussenribspiere Borskas lig/sak
Duisende alveoli Vergroot oppervlak
Bloedkapillêre met dun enkel wande Kort diffusie-afstande
Alveoli met enkellaag epiteel Dun laag vir vinnige diffusie
Mukusmembrane met cilia Slymlaag vang partikels, cilia voer partikels en stof weg

KLASOPDRAG: TEKENING

  • Byskrifte: alveoli

Questions & Answers

how does Neisseria cause meningitis
Nyibol Reply
what is microbiologist
Muhammad Reply
what is errata
Muhammad
is the branch of biology that deals with the study of microorganisms.
Ntefuni Reply
What is microbiology
Mercy Reply
studies of microbes
Louisiaste
when we takee the specimen which lumbar,spin,
Ziyad Reply
How bacteria create energy to survive?
Muhamad Reply
Bacteria doesn't produce energy they are dependent upon their substrate in case of lack of nutrients they are able to make spores which helps them to sustain in harsh environments
_Adnan
But not all bacteria make spores, l mean Eukaryotic cells have Mitochondria which acts as powerhouse for them, since bacteria don't have it, what is the substitution for it?
Muhamad
they make spores
Louisiaste
what is sporadic nd endemic, epidemic
Aminu Reply
the significance of food webs for disease transmission
Abreham
food webs brings about an infection as an individual depends on number of diseased foods or carriers dully.
Mark
explain assimilatory nitrate reduction
Esinniobiwa Reply
Assimilatory nitrate reduction is a process that occurs in some microorganisms, such as bacteria and archaea, in which nitrate (NO3-) is reduced to nitrite (NO2-), and then further reduced to ammonia (NH3).
Elkana
This process is called assimilatory nitrate reduction because the nitrogen that is produced is incorporated in the cells of microorganisms where it can be used in the synthesis of amino acids and other nitrogen products
Elkana
Examples of thermophilic organisms
Shu Reply
Give Examples of thermophilic organisms
Shu
advantages of normal Flora to the host
Micheal Reply
Prevent foreign microbes to the host
Abubakar
they provide healthier benefits to their hosts
ayesha
They are friends to host only when Host immune system is strong and become enemies when the host immune system is weakened . very bad relationship!
Mark
what is cell
faisal Reply
cell is the smallest unit of life
Fauziya
cell is the smallest unit of life
Akanni
ok
Innocent
cell is the structural and functional unit of life
Hasan
is the fundamental units of Life
Musa
what are emergency diseases
Micheal Reply
There are nothing like emergency disease but there are some common medical emergency which can occur simultaneously like Bleeding,heart attack,Breathing difficulties,severe pain heart stock.Hope you will get my point .Have a nice day ❣️
_Adnan
define infection ,prevention and control
Innocent
I think infection prevention and control is the avoidance of all things we do that gives out break of infections and promotion of health practices that promote life
Lubega
Heyy Lubega hussein where are u from?
_Adnan
en français
Adama
which site have a normal flora
ESTHER Reply
Many sites of the body have it Skin Nasal cavity Oral cavity Gastro intestinal tract
Safaa
skin
Asiina
skin,Oral,Nasal,GIt
Sadik
How can Commensal can Bacteria change into pathogen?
Sadik
How can Commensal Bacteria change into pathogen?
Sadik
all
Tesfaye
by fussion
Asiina
what are the advantages of normal Flora to the host
Micheal
what are the ways of control and prevention of nosocomial infection in the hospital
Micheal
what is inflammation
Shelly Reply
part of a tissue or an organ being wounded or bruised.
Wilfred
what term is used to name and classify microorganisms?
Micheal Reply
Binomial nomenclature
adeolu
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Source:  OpenStax, Natuurwetenskappe graad 9. OpenStax CNX. Sep 15, 2009 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11068/1.1
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