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Sosiale wetenskappe: aardrykskunde

Graad 8

Nedersettings

Module 4

Migrasie

1. Die migrasie van persone na ‘n nuwe standplaas

  • Julle het reeds kennis gemaak met die migrasie van persone vanaf die platteland na die stad. Migrasie vind egter nie net plaas vanaf landelike na stedelike gebiede nie. Persone beweeg ook vanaf een stedelike gebied na ‘n ander, of selfs vanaf een land na ‘n ander.
  • Migrasie vanaf die plek waar jy jare gebly het, bv. Kaapstad na ‘n nuwe plek, bv. Londen, staan as EMIGRASIE bekend.
  • Migrasie na ‘n plek waar jy ‘n nuwe tuiste vind, staan as IMMIGRASIE bekend, bv. na Londen.
  • Migrasie is ‘n permanente verskuiwing na ‘n nuwe omgewing of standplaas.

R edes vir migrasie

Daar is verskillende redes waarom persone van woonplek verskuif. Hierdie faktore kan gewoonlik in twee kategorieë verdeel word, nl.:

  • Stootfaktore - faktore wat persone aanmoedig om ‘n gebied te verlaat.
  • Trekfaktore – faktore wat persoon lok om hulle in ‘n sekere omgewing te vestig.

Aktiwiteit 1:

Om inligting uit ‘n grafiese voorstelling af te lei

[lu 1.2]

Bestudeer die volgende prent en beantwoord die vrae wat daarop volg:

1. Watter proses word deur die illustrasie uitgebeeld?

2. Watter omstandighede in Suid-Afrika dink jy het die persone laat besluit om so ‘n stap te neem?

3. Watter invloed het die tendens op die ekonomie van Suid-Afrika indien hoogsgeskoolde werkers die laat in groot getalle sou verlaat?

2. Faktore wat migrasie bevorder

2.1 Stootfaktore

Stootfaktore speel ‘n belangrike rol as oorsaak van migrasie. Stootfaktore kan hoofsaaklik in drie kategorieë verdeel word:

a) Politieke faktore : politieke faktore is waar persone immigreer weens die druk of vervolging wat hulle ondervind in hul geboorteland. Gedurende die Apartheidsjare het verskeie swart Suid-Afrikaners die land verlaat en hulle elders gaan vestig, bv in Engeland en Europa. Dit was weens die politieke druk en vervolging wat hulle hier moes verduur, asook die gebrek aan geleenthede vir onderwys.

b) Ekonomiese faktore : ekonomiese faktore is waar ‘n ekonomiese stelsel van ‘n land nie voordelig is vir die persoon nie en hy na ‘n ander land trek om beter te kan leef. So het baie persone na die VSA en Engeland verhuis waar beter werksgeleenthede beskikbaar was.

c) Omgewingsfaktore : persone word ook weggedryf van die plek waar hulle woon weens ‘n ongunstige fisiese omgewing. Te veel of te min water mag ‘n ernstige bedreiging vir die omgewing inhou. Sommige persone is verplig om te trek, weens die feit dat hulle op die vloedvlakte van ‘n rivier woon. Tydens ‘n vloed word eiendomme en persone deur die watermassa bedreig.

Aktiwiteit 2:

Om persoonlike ervarings skriftelik oor te dra

[lu 1.5]

Op jou eie

Jy is ‘n trekarbeider wat help om die vrugte in die Boland te oes. Jy werk op ‘n plaas naby Worcester. Skryf ‘n brief aan jou familie wat in Kimberley woon, en beskryf aan hulle onder watter moeilike omstandighede jy moet woon en werk.

P olitieke stootfaktore

  • Dikwels is persone verplig om hulle land te verlaat weens vervolging of bedreiging van hulle lewens as gevolg van hulle politieke idees. Hierdie vlugtelinge moet dan elders ‘n heenkome soek. Hulle kan nie weer na die land terugkeer nie weens vrees vir hulle lewens.
  • Uit die vorige Oos-Europese lande moes baie mense vlug omdat hulle nie met die idees van die politieke party aan bewind saamgestem het nie.
  • In Zimbabwe vind ons ook dat baie mense tans na die buurstate, soos Suid-Afrika vlug. Aangesien hulle politieke idees verskil van die van die heersende party, word hulle deur sommige lede van die heersende party aangerand en gemartel. Dit dwing hulle om die land te verlaat.

Questions & Answers

how does Neisseria cause meningitis
Nyibol Reply
what is microbiologist
Muhammad Reply
what is errata
Muhammad
is the branch of biology that deals with the study of microorganisms.
Ntefuni Reply
What is microbiology
Mercy Reply
studies of microbes
Louisiaste
when we takee the specimen which lumbar,spin,
Ziyad Reply
How bacteria create energy to survive?
Muhamad Reply
Bacteria doesn't produce energy they are dependent upon their substrate in case of lack of nutrients they are able to make spores which helps them to sustain in harsh environments
_Adnan
But not all bacteria make spores, l mean Eukaryotic cells have Mitochondria which acts as powerhouse for them, since bacteria don't have it, what is the substitution for it?
Muhamad
they make spores
Louisiaste
what is sporadic nd endemic, epidemic
Aminu Reply
the significance of food webs for disease transmission
Abreham
food webs brings about an infection as an individual depends on number of diseased foods or carriers dully.
Mark
explain assimilatory nitrate reduction
Esinniobiwa Reply
Assimilatory nitrate reduction is a process that occurs in some microorganisms, such as bacteria and archaea, in which nitrate (NO3-) is reduced to nitrite (NO2-), and then further reduced to ammonia (NH3).
Elkana
This process is called assimilatory nitrate reduction because the nitrogen that is produced is incorporated in the cells of microorganisms where it can be used in the synthesis of amino acids and other nitrogen products
Elkana
Examples of thermophilic organisms
Shu Reply
Give Examples of thermophilic organisms
Shu
advantages of normal Flora to the host
Micheal Reply
Prevent foreign microbes to the host
Abubakar
they provide healthier benefits to their hosts
ayesha
They are friends to host only when Host immune system is strong and become enemies when the host immune system is weakened . very bad relationship!
Mark
what is cell
faisal Reply
cell is the smallest unit of life
Fauziya
cell is the smallest unit of life
Akanni
ok
Innocent
cell is the structural and functional unit of life
Hasan
is the fundamental units of Life
Musa
what are emergency diseases
Micheal Reply
There are nothing like emergency disease but there are some common medical emergency which can occur simultaneously like Bleeding,heart attack,Breathing difficulties,severe pain heart stock.Hope you will get my point .Have a nice day ❣️
_Adnan
define infection ,prevention and control
Innocent
I think infection prevention and control is the avoidance of all things we do that gives out break of infections and promotion of health practices that promote life
Lubega
Heyy Lubega hussein where are u from?
_Adnan
en français
Adama
which site have a normal flora
ESTHER Reply
Many sites of the body have it Skin Nasal cavity Oral cavity Gastro intestinal tract
Safaa
skin
Asiina
skin,Oral,Nasal,GIt
Sadik
How can Commensal can Bacteria change into pathogen?
Sadik
How can Commensal Bacteria change into pathogen?
Sadik
all
Tesfaye
by fussion
Asiina
what are the advantages of normal Flora to the host
Micheal
what are the ways of control and prevention of nosocomial infection in the hospital
Micheal
what is inflammation
Shelly Reply
part of a tissue or an organ being wounded or bruised.
Wilfred
what term is used to name and classify microorganisms?
Micheal Reply
Binomial nomenclature
adeolu
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Source:  OpenStax, Aardrykskunde graad 8. OpenStax CNX. Sep 11, 2009 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11035/1.1
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