<< Chapter < Page Chapter >> Page >

1. (a + b) (a – b) = a 2 – ab + ab – b 2 = a 2 – b 2 (vereenvoudig)

2. (a + 2) (a + 3) = a 2 + 3a + 2a + 6 = a 2 + 5a + 6

3. (a + b) (a + b) = a×a +ab + ba + b×b = a 2 + ab + ab + b 2 = a 2 + 2ab + b 2 (vereenvoudig)

4. (a + b) (c + d) = ac + ad + bc + bd (hierdie antwoord kan nie vereenvoudig word nie)

  • Die antwoord op die soort probleem in vraag 1 hierbo het die vorm van ‘n verskil van vierkante.
  • Die antwoorde op 2 en 3 is drieterme. Ons gaan nou probeer om drieterme te faktoriseer.
  • Die eerste feit om te onthou is dat nie alle drieterme gefaktoriseer kan word nie .

Werk agteruit deur probleem 2:

a 2 + 5a + 6 = a 2 + 3a + 2a + 6 = (a + 2) (a + 3).

  • So is dit duidelik waar die a 2 vandaan kom, en die 5a en die 6.

Faktoriseer nou a 2 + 7a + 12 = ( ) ( ) deur twee geskikte tweeterme in die twee paar hakies te skryf.

  • As jy die tweeterme in die hakies uitvermenigvuldig soos jy in aktiwiteit 2.2 geleer is, kan jy jou antwoord toets. Hou aan en toets telkens jou antwoorde tot jy seker is hoe om dit te doen. Doen dieselfde in die volgende oefeninge:
  • Elke drieterm het ‘n maat in die tweede kolom; soek hulle uit:

A. a 2 – 5a – 6 1. (x + 2)(x + 3)

B. a 2 – a – 6 2. (x – 2)(x + 3)

C. a 2 – 5a + 6 3. (x + 1)(x – 6)

D. a 2 + 7a + 6 4. (x – 2)(x – 3)

E. a 2 + 5a + 6 5. (x + 1)(x + 6)

F. a 2 + 5a – 6 6. (x – 1)(x + 6)

G. a 2 + a – 6 7. (x + 2)(x – 3)

H. a 2 – 7a + 6 8. (x – 1)(x – 6)

  • Faktoriseer nou die volgende drieterme op dieselfde manier. Die laaste twee is moeiliker as die eerste vier!
  1. a 2 + 3a + 2
  2. a 2 + a – 12
  3. a 2 – 4a + 3
  4. a 2 – 9a + 20
  5. a 2 + ab – 12b 2
  6. 2a 2 – 18a + 40

Aktiwiteit 4

Om faktorisering te gebruik in die vereenvoudiging van breuke, en in die optelling, vermenigvuldiging en deling van breuke

[lu 1.2, 1.6, 2.9]

A. Vereenvoudiging van algebraïese breuke

Twee van die volgende vier breuke kan vereenvoudig word, en twee nie. Watter twee kan?

2 + a 2 a size 12{ { {2+a} over {2 - a} } } {}

3 a + b a + b size 12{ { {3 left (a+b right )} over {a+b} } } {}

4 + x x + 4 size 12{ { {4+x} over {x+4} } } {}

a b c 2 b + c size 12{ { {a left (b - c right )} over {2 left (b+c right )} } } {}

Jy het seker nou al agtergekom dat dit baie moeite is om te faktoriseer. Hoekom doen ons dit?

  • Hierdie breuk kan nie vereenvoudig word soos dit staan nie: 6a 2 b 6b 2a 2 size 12{ { {6a rSup { size 8{2} } b - 6b} over {2a - 2} } } {} . Dis omdat ons nie terme mag kanselleer nie. As ons die som uitdrukkings na produk uitdrukkings kan verander (deur faktorisering) sal ons die faktore kan kanselleer, en sodoende klaar kan vereenvoudig.

6a 2 b – 6b = 6b(a 2 – 1) = 6b (a + 1) (a – 1) en 2a – 2 = 2(a – 1)

  • Dus is die motivering vir faktorisering die behoefte aan vereenvoudiging.

Dus: 6a 2 b 6b 2a 2 size 12{ { {6a rSup { size 8{2} } b - 6b} over {2a - 2} } } {} = 6b a + 1 a 1 2 a 1 size 12{ { {6b left (a+1 right ) left (a - 1 right )} over {2 left (a - 1 right )} } } {} = 3b a + 1 1 size 12{ { {3b left (a+1 right )} over {1} } } {} = 3b(a + 1) .

Dit is baie belangrik om volledig te faktoriseer.

Oefening:

Faktoriseer beide teller en noemer, en vereenvoudig:

1 12 a + 6b 2a + b size 12{ { {"12"a+6b} over {2a+b} } } {}

2 x 2 9 x + 3 size 12{ { {x rSup { size 8{2} } - 9} over {x+3} } } {}

3 2 a + 1 a 1 6 a + 1 2 size 12{ { {2 left (a+1 right ) left (a - 1 right )} over {6 left (a+1 right ) rSup { size 8{2} } } } } {}

4 5a 2 5 5a + 5 size 12{ { {5a rSup { size 8{2} } - 5} over {5a+5} } } {}

B. Vermenigvuldiging en deling van breuke

  • Die gewone reëls om breuke te vermenigvuldig en te deel bly steeds van toepassing. Bestudeer die volgende voorbeelde – let veral op na die faktorisering en kansellering.

4x 3 y 6y 2 ÷ xy 3x 2 × 2 xy 2 3x size 12{ { {4x rSup { size 8{3} } y} over {6y rSup { size 8{2} } } } div { { ital "xy"} over {3x rSup { size 8{2} } } } times { {2 ital "xy" rSup { size 8{2} } } over {3x} } } {} = 4x 3 y 6y 2 × 3x 2 xy × 2 xy 2 3x size 12{ { {4x rSup { size 8{3} } y} over {6y rSup { size 8{2} } } } times { {3x rSup { size 8{2} } } over { ital "xy"} } times { {2 ital "xy" rSup { size 8{2} } } over {3x} } } {} = 4x 4 3 size 12{ { {4x rSup { size 8{4} } } over {3} } } {}

a 2 9 2 × 1 4a 2 12 a size 12{ { {a rSup { size 8{2} } - 9} over {2} } times { {1} over {4a rSup { size 8{2} } - "12"a} } } {} = a + 3 a 3 2 × 1 4a a 3 size 12{ { { left (a+3 right ) left (a - 3 right )} over {2} } times { {1} over {4a left (a - 3 right )} } } {} = a + 3 8a size 12{ { { left (a+3 right )} over {8a} } } {}

3a + 6 5 ÷ a 2 4 10 size 12{ { {3a+6} over {5} } div { {a rSup { size 8{2} } - 4} over {"10"} } } {} = 3a + 6 5 × 10 a 2 4 size 12{ { {3a+6} over {5} } times { {"10"} over {a rSup { size 8{2} } - 4} } } {} = 3 a + 2 5 × 10 a + 2 a 2 size 12{ { {3 left (a+2 right )} over {5} } times { {"10"} over { left (a+2 right ) left (a - 2 right )} } } {} = 6 a 2 size 12{ { {6} over {a - 2} } } {}

Oefening:

Vereenvoudig:

1. 2 ab 2 b 3 c × 9 ac 2 4b ÷ 3 ac 2b 2 size 12{ { {2 ital "ab" rSup { size 8{2} } } over {b rSup { size 8{3} } c} } times { {9 ital "ac" rSup { size 8{2} } } over {4b} } div { {3 ital "ac"} over {2b rSup { size 8{2} } } } } {}

2. 2 a + 1 a 2 2 a 2 3 a + 3 × 9 a + 1 a + 3 2 4 a 2 ÷ 3 a + 1 a + 3 2 a 2 2 size 12{ { {2 left (a+1 right ) left (a - 2 right ) rSup { size 8{2} } } over { left (a - 2 right ) rSup { size 8{3} } left (a+3 right )} } times { {9 left (a+1 right ) left (a+3 right ) rSup { size 8{2} } } over {4 left (a - 2 right )} } div { {3 left (a+1 right ) left (a+3 right )} over {2 left (a - 2 right ) rSup { size 8{2} } } } } {}

3. 4a 2 + 8a 2b + 4 × 3 b 2 + 2 3a 2 + 6a size 12{ { {4a rSup { size 8{2} } +8a} over {2b+4} } times { {3 left (b rSup { size 8{2} } +2 right )} over {3a rSup { size 8{2} } +6a} } } {}

4. x 2 1 5x 5 ÷ x + 1 2 15 x + 15 size 12{ { {x rSup { size 8{2} } - 1} over {5x - 5} } div { { left (x+1 right ) rSup { size 8{2} } } over {"15"x+"15"} } } {}

Questions & Answers

what is biology
Hajah Reply
the study of living organisms and their interactions with one another and their environments
AI-Robot
what is biology
Victoria Reply
HOW CAN MAN ORGAN FUNCTION
Alfred Reply
the diagram of the digestive system
Assiatu Reply
allimentary cannel
Ogenrwot
How does twins formed
William Reply
They formed in two ways first when one sperm and one egg are splited by mitosis or two sperm and two eggs join together
Oluwatobi
what is genetics
Josephine Reply
Genetics is the study of heredity
Misack
how does twins formed?
Misack
What is manual
Hassan Reply
discuss biological phenomenon and provide pieces of evidence to show that it was responsible for the formation of eukaryotic organelles
Joseph Reply
what is biology
Yousuf Reply
the study of living organisms and their interactions with one another and their environment.
Wine
discuss the biological phenomenon and provide pieces of evidence to show that it was responsible for the formation of eukaryotic organelles in an essay form
Joseph Reply
what is the blood cells
Shaker Reply
list any five characteristics of the blood cells
Shaker
lack electricity and its more savely than electronic microscope because its naturally by using of light
Abdullahi Reply
advantage of electronic microscope is easily and clearly while disadvantage is dangerous because its electronic. advantage of light microscope is savely and naturally by sun while disadvantage is not easily,means its not sharp and not clear
Abdullahi
cell theory state that every organisms composed of one or more cell,cell is the basic unit of life
Abdullahi
is like gone fail us
DENG
cells is the basic structure and functions of all living things
Ramadan
What is classification
ISCONT Reply
is organisms that are similar into groups called tara
Yamosa
in what situation (s) would be the use of a scanning electron microscope be ideal and why?
Kenna Reply
A scanning electron microscope (SEM) is ideal for situations requiring high-resolution imaging of surfaces. It is commonly used in materials science, biology, and geology to examine the topography and composition of samples at a nanoscale level. SEM is particularly useful for studying fine details,
Hilary
cell is the building block of life.
Condoleezza Reply
Got questions? Join the online conversation and get instant answers!
Jobilize.com Reply

Get Jobilize Job Search Mobile App in your pocket Now!

Get it on Google Play Download on the App Store Now




Source:  OpenStax, Wiskunde graad 9. OpenStax CNX. Sep 14, 2009 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11055/1.1
Google Play and the Google Play logo are trademarks of Google Inc.

Notification Switch

Would you like to follow the 'Wiskunde graad 9' conversation and receive update notifications?

Ask