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Natuurwetenskappe

Planeet aarde en die heelal

Ons sonnestelsel

Opvoeder afdeling

Memorandum

Opdrag 1:

Asteroïdes: Dit is stukke rots wat in die sonnestelsel in ‘n wentelbaan om die son aangetref word in ‘n small strook tussen die planete Mars en Jupiter.

Komete: Komete is reusagtige, vuil sneeuballe met ‘n deursnee van 1 km tot ongeveer 50 km. Indien hulle naby die son kom, verander die komeet se ys in gas as gevolg van die hitte van die son.

Meteore: Dit is klein stukkies rots wat in die ruimte rondbeweeg en uitbrand. Hulle word sigbaar wanneer hulle die aarde se atmosfeer binnedring. Hulle word soms verskietende sterre genoem en lyk soos vuurballe. Soms brand groter meteore nie heeltemal uit nie en wanneer hulle die aarde se oppervlak tref, vorm hulle kraters. Wanneer ‘n meteoor op die aarde val, word dit ‘n meteoriet genoem.

Opdrag 2:

  • Die Griekse word, “cometes” beteken “harige ster”. Wanneer komete naby die son kom, verander die ys in gas. Stof word ook uit die ys vrygestel, en van die aarde af kan hierdie stof gesien word as ‘n lang stert wat weg van die son draai. Dit vertoon dan amper soos “hare” en vandaar die benaming “harige ster”.
  • Die komeet verskyn elke 76 jaar. Dit is wanneer die komeet verby die aarde beweeg in sy wentelbaan om die son.
  • Die komeet het twee keer verskyn, nl. 1910 en 1986.
  • Ja, indien ‘n mens gebore word naby die komeet se verskyning, is dit moontlik om dit ‘n tweede keer te aanskou.
  1. Eie navorsing.

Leerder afdeling

Inhoud

Aktiwiteit: om ‘n oorsig van ons sonnestelsel te gee [lu 1.1]

Lees die onderstaande gedeelte aandagtig deur en beantwoord dan die daaropvolgende vrae:

Sonnestelsel

Die aarde is deel van ‘n groep planete en liggame wat die sonnestelsel genoem word. Die son is die middelpunt van die sonnestelsel en die ander liggame wentel daaromheen. Die son is eintlik ‘n ster en is baie groter as die ander lede van die sonnestelsel. Dit is die bron van feitlik al die lig en hitte in die sonnestelsel. Die planete skyn deur sonlig te weerkaats.

Daar is nege planete: Mercurius, Venus, Aarde, Mars, Jupiter, Saturnus, Uranus, Neptunus en Pluto. Alle planete het mane, behalwe Mercurius en Venus. Party planete het net een maan, soos die aarde, maar ander het meer. Saturnus het sewentien.

  • Die son het ook kleiner familielede, byvoorbeeld meteore, asteroïdes en komete. Die meeste asteroïdes wentel om die son in kleiner bane.

OPDRAG 1

Gebruik ‘n woordeboek en definieer die volgende:

1. Asteroïdes:

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

2. Komete:

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

3. Meteore:

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

OPDRAG 2

Die sterrekundige, Edmund Halley, het in 1705 voorspel dat ‘n komeet in 1758 sou verskyn. Hy was korrek. Hy het uitgewerk in watter jaartalle dieselfde komeet weer sou verskyn. Met die herverskyning van die komeet was hy reeds oorlede, maar ter ere van sy prestasie het die mense die komeet na hom vernoem.

Doen ‘n kort navorsing (2-3 folio’s) oor Halley se komeet waarin jy die volgende aspekte aanspreek:

  • Waarom is die woord “komeet” van die Griekse woord, “mimetes” (harige ster) afgelei?
  • Hoe gereeld verskyn die komeet? Hoekom juis dan?
  • Hoeveel keer het dit gedurende die twintigste eeu verskyn? (1901 tot 2000).
  • Is dit menslik moontlik om die komeet twee keer te aanskou?
  • Kort aantekeninge oor die lewe van Edmund Halley.

Navorsingsopdrag: Edmund Halley Leerkragassessering

KRITERIA 1 2 3 4
TEGNIESE VERSORGING:
  • Voorblad: Onderwerp aangedui; Naam
  • Netjies versorg
  • Betyds ingehandig
  • Voorgeskrewe lengte
INHOUD:
  • Onderafdelings aangedui
  • Inligting logies weergegee
  • Interessante feite bygevoeg
  • Slotparagraaf?
  • Illustrasies of prente?
TAALGEBRUIK
  • Is paragrawe gebruik?
  • Korrekte taalgebruik?
  • Lees- of skryftekens gebruik
BEWYSE VAN NAVORSING
  • Bronnelys aangedui
  • Bronnelys korrek aangedui
  • Alle vrae is beantwoord
OORHEERSENDE KODE
VERWERK NA PUNT:0% - 34%: 135% - 39%: 240% - 69% 370% - 100% 4 Persentasie toegeken: %

Kommentaar: ________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

Leerkrag:___________________________________________________

Assessering

Leeruitkomste 1: Die leerder is in staat om met selfvertroue op weetgierigheid oor natuurlike verskynsels te reageer, en om binne die konteks van wetenskap, tegnologie en die omgewing verbande te ondersoek en probleme op te los.

Assesseringstandaard 1.1: Dit is duidelik wanneer ondersoek beplan: beplan eenvoudige toetse en dink na oor hoe om dit billik te maak.

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Source:  OpenStax, Natuurwetenskappe graad 7. OpenStax CNX. Sep 16, 2009 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11078/1.1
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