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This result follows from the integral that calculates the c k from the signal. Furthermore, this result means that Re c k Re c k : The real part of the Fourier coefficients for real-valued signals is even. Similarly, Im c k Im c k : The imaginary parts of the Fourier coefficients have odd symmetry. Consequently,if you are given the Fourier coefficients for positive indices and zero and are told the signal is real-valued, you can find the negative-indexed coefficients,hence the entire spectrum. This kind of symmetry, c k c k * , is known as conjugate symmetry . We can phrase the property concisely by saying:

Real-valued periodic signals have a conjugate-symmetric spectrum.

The Fourier series obeys:

Parseval's theorem

Power calculated in the time domain equals the power calculated in the frequency domain.

1 T t 0 T s 2 t k c k 2
This result is a (simpler) re-expression of how to calculate a signal's power than with the real-valued Fourier series expression for power .

Cite

Useful information about the color blue can be found in The Big Book of the Color Blue .

Emphatic information about emphasizing can be found in The Gigantic Book of Emphasis .

Figures

Here is an example of a figure with a large table inside it. For exhaustive examples of figures, subfigures, and captions in many shapes, sizes, and combinations, see . Currently, figures cannot be placed in paragraph tags.

Ascii table

Budget - comparison by year
Income 12,293 12,398 14,298
Expenditure 293 398 298
Surplus 12000 12000 14000
And here we can add more information about the table in a caption!

Subfigures

The subsequent figure does not have a name

Lena
Lena as a signal
Lena again
On the left and right is the classic "Lena" image , which is used ubiquitously as a test image. It containsstraight and curved lines, complicated texture, and a face. In the middle is a perspective display of the Lena image as asignal: a function of two spatial variables . The colors merely help show what signal values are about the same size. In thisimage, signal values range between 0 and 255; why is that?
Lena
Lena as a signal
This example is the same as the last, except that orient='vertical' . So, the subfigures should be on top of each other.

Tables

Here's is a very simple example of a table, similiar to ones seen previously in this module.

This caption put in to test styling.
Budget - comparison by year
Item Year
1998 1999 2000
Income 12,293 12,398 14,298
Expenditure 293 398 298
Surplus 12000 12000 14000

Quotes and foreign terms

Two new elements added in CNXML 0.5 are quote and foreign . A quote of type "block" might look like this:

I define the real as that which holds its characters on such a tenure that it makes not the slightest difference what any man or men may have thought them to be, or ever will have thought them to be, here using thought to include, imagining, opining, and willing (as long as forcible means are not used); but the real thing's characters will remain absolutely untouched. --C.S. Peirce, Collected Papers 6.495.
Anyone involved in interface design and usability should consider Einstein's axiom (shown here in a quote of type 'inline'):
Everything should be made as simple as possible, but not one bit simpler
.

In order to appear urbane and literate, we should liberally sprinkle our discourse with foreign terms and phrases, such as Fahrvergnügen and sang-froid .

It is possible to include a block quote inside a note, with foreign elements interspersed:
"Freundschaftsbezeigungen" seems to be "Friendship demonstrations," which is only a foolish and clumsy way of saying "demonstrations of friendship." "Unabhängigkeitserklärungen" seems to be "Independencedeclarations," which is no improvement upon "Declarations of Independence," so far as I can see. "Generalstaatsverordnetenversammlungen" seems to be "General-statesrepresentativesmeetings," as nearly as I can get at it -- a mere rhythmical, gushy euphuism for "meetings of the legislature," I judge. --Mark Twain, "The Awful German Language"

Conclusion

For more information on all of the CNXML used in this module, please refer to the CNXML Spec .

72 dpi
150 dpi
300 dpi
An example of how media that appear to be the same size on screen can be a different size in print due to resolution.
Practice Key Terms 1

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Source:  OpenStax, Pdf generation problem modules. OpenStax CNX. Sep 23, 2008 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col10514/1.4
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