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Natural sciences

Planet earth and the universe

Our own star – the sun

Educator section

Memorandum

Assignment 3:

Hubble space telescope : This is an instrument which allows astronomers to more of the universe than can be seen with the naked eye. The Hubble Space Telescope is the largest telescope in space. It was launched in 1990 by the USA.

Satellites : We make a distinction between natural satellites and man-made satellites. Natural satellites are celestial bodies that orbit around other celestial bodies. Planets are satellites of the sun. Artificial or man-made satellites are instruments designed to send information to the earth. These satellites are put in an orbit around the earth. Satellites take fixed times to complete their orbits.

Robot Exploration Vehicles ; Robot vehicles are unmanned spacecraft. They can be used to explore the moon and the planets. Some orbit planets to explore them, but don’t land on them.

Leaner section

Content

Activity: to investigate the properties of the sun and to explain concepts such as “constellations” and the “exploration of space” [lo 1.2]

  • The sun is an ordinary star in the Milky Way (our galaxy). It is an incredibly large revolving ball of gas with a diameter of 1,4 million kilometres. This is more than a hundred times more than the earth’s diameter. The sun is 150 million kilometres from the earth and it takes 8 minutes for the light from the sun’s surface to reach the earth.
  • The sun develops so much energy that its surface glows white-hot at a temperature of 6 000 degrees Celsius. The energy originates at the centre of the sun as a result of nuclear activity. The sun has been shining for about 4,5 milliard years. After another 5 milliard years the sun’s supply of hydrogen will be exhausted. No life can exist on Earth without sunlight.
  • The sun is vital for life on Earth. It supplies almost all the energy that we have to our disposal. Even the coal that we burn originally was forests of which the growth was sustained by the energy from the sun. No life on Earth will survive if the sun stops shining.
  • The universe is so big that astronomers measure it in light-years. A light-year is the distance that light travels in one year – 9,5 million kilometres. Light moves at 300 000 kilometres a second.

CONSTELLATIONS

  • Astronomers have divided the universe into constellations. The first astronomer to investigate the Southern Cross from South Africa was Guy Tachard in 1685. This constellation appears on the flags of New Zealand and Australia.

  • The three stars of Orion’s Belt lie in a straight line. It is probably the constellation which is most easy to recognize in the Southern Hemisphere. Orion is named after a hunter of Greek mythology. Some of the stars form his belt.

TASK 3

  • The telescope is an instrument which astronomers use. Large telescopes are housed in special buildings called observatories. The exploration of space would not have been possible without telescopes, satellites and unmanned spacecraft.

Write a short paragraph (6 -10 lines) on each of the following unmanned spacecrafts:

  • Hubble space telescope
  • Satellite
  • Robot exploratory craft

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CRITERIA FOR ASSESSING PARAGRAPHS

Level 4 Level 3 Level 2 Level 1
Planning and coherence of structure: thorough planning, logical and effective planning sufficient, correct sentence structure little evidence of planning, faulty sentence construction no evidence of planning, many errors in sentence construction
Correctness of information: information correct, very interesting, shows creativity information correctly given information not entirely accurate information is full of factual errors
Presentation: extremely neat, orderly and creative presentation is neat and orderly presentation slightly confused and untidy presentation not at all structured, untidy

Assessment

Learning Outcome 1: The learner will be able to act confidently on curiosity about natural phenomena, and to investigate relationships and solve problems in scientific, technological and environmental contexts.

Assessment Standard 1.2: We know this when the learner conducts investigations and collects data: organises and uses apparatus/equipment or sources to gain and record information.

Questions & Answers

the diagram of the digestive system
Assiatu Reply
How does twins formed
William Reply
They formed in two ways first when one sperm and one egg are splited by mitosis or two sperm and two eggs join together
Oluwatobi
what is genetics
Josephine Reply
Genetics is the study of heredity
Misack
how does twins formed?
Misack
What is manual
Hassan Reply
discuss biological phenomenon and provide pieces of evidence to show that it was responsible for the formation of eukaryotic organelles
Joseph Reply
what is biology
Yousuf Reply
the study of living organisms and their interactions with one another and their environments
AI-Robot
the study of living organisms and their interactions with one another and their environment.
Wine
discuss the biological phenomenon and provide pieces of evidence to show that it was responsible for the formation of eukaryotic organelles in an essay form
Joseph Reply
what is the blood cells
Shaker Reply
list any five characteristics of the blood cells
Shaker
lack electricity and its more savely than electronic microscope because its naturally by using of light
Abdullahi Reply
advantage of electronic microscope is easily and clearly while disadvantage is dangerous because its electronic. advantage of light microscope is savely and naturally by sun while disadvantage is not easily,means its not sharp and not clear
Abdullahi
cell theory state that every organisms composed of one or more cell,cell is the basic unit of life
Abdullahi
is like gone fail us
DENG
cells is the basic structure and functions of all living things
Ramadan
What is classification
ISCONT Reply
is organisms that are similar into groups called tara
Yamosa
in what situation (s) would be the use of a scanning electron microscope be ideal and why?
Kenna Reply
A scanning electron microscope (SEM) is ideal for situations requiring high-resolution imaging of surfaces. It is commonly used in materials science, biology, and geology to examine the topography and composition of samples at a nanoscale level. SEM is particularly useful for studying fine details,
Hilary
cell is the building block of life.
Condoleezza Reply
what is cell divisoin?
Aron Reply
Diversity of living thing
ISCONT
what is cell division
Aron Reply
Cell division is the process by which a single cell divides into two or more daughter cells. It is a fundamental process in all living organisms and is essential for growth, development, and reproduction. Cell division can occur through either mitosis or meiosis.
AI-Robot
What is life?
Allison Reply
life is defined as any system capable of performing functions such as eating, metabolizing,excreting,breathing,moving,Growing,reproducing,and responding to external stimuli.
Mohamed
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Source:  OpenStax, Natural sciences grade 7. OpenStax CNX. Sep 16, 2009 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11077/1.1
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