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Natural sciences

The earth and beyond

Properties and uses of materials

Educator section

Memorandum

Assignment 6:

1. What is the colour of the crystal?

  • Purple

2. What happens to the coloured water around the crystal when the heating begins?

  • When the water is heated it rises.

3. What happens to the coloured water near the surface of the water?

  • The coloured water near the surface begins to move in a circle in the Pyrex dish. It sinks in the part that is not being warmed by the burner..

Assignment 7:

  • (Groupwork)
  • When a see breeze is caused by convection, your group should be able to work out how a land breeze occurs. Make sketches and write your explanation here.

How does a land breeze occur?

During the night the land cools more quickly than the sea. The sea stays warm longer than the land. The warm air above the sea rises. Cooler air from the land blows towards the sea

Assignment 8:

1. What happens when you place the pane of glass in front of the heater?

  • Immediately you feel less heat.
  • (The heater / source of heat is not warm enough. Glass obstructs radiated heat from the heater, just like wood or cardboard)

Assignment 9:

1. Does your hand immediately feel the heat?

  • Yes

2. How does the heat reach your hand?

  • Through radiation.

3. Does the glass of the bulb prevent radiance?

  • No, because the radiation from a very warm (white hot) object can penetrate glass.
  • Explanation: Water conducts electricity and if you touch an electrical appliance while you are standing on the ground the current flows through your body to the ground. This can cause a fatal shock.

Leaner section

Content

Activity: to discover the properties of materials [lo 1.2, lo 2.1, lo 2.3]

4. MATERIALS CAN TRANSFER HEAT

If you hold a teaspoon in boiling water it feels warm when you touch it. Heat has thus been transferred from the water to the teaspoon. (This transfer of heat will not happen if both substances are the same temperature.)

Transfer of heat takes place in three ways: Conduction, convection and radiation.

4.1 Conduction:

This is the transfer of heat from one part of a substance to another, while each part remains in its place.

  • Conduction takes place in solids.
  • Most metals are good conductors of heat.
  • Non-metals such as glass, wood, rubber, paper, plastic and asbestos are poor conductors of heat.
  • Solids do not all conduct heat equally well.

Interesting uses of poor conductors:

  • Handles of pans, irons, etc. are made of wood or plastic or other poor conductors. This keeps ones hand from getting burnt.
  • Clothes (wool, cotton), the furs of animals, feathers, are all poor conductors of heat.
  • A glass table top and table mats of wood, cork, cotton or plastic protect shiny wooden table tops from being marked by warm pots.
  • Cold meat and cold drink can be kept cold on a long journey by wrapping them in newspaper or a woollen blanket. Paper and wool are poor conductors.
  • Ice can be kept for a long time in sawdust or wrapped in a towel.
  • Houses with thatched roofs are warm on cold days and cool on hot days.
  • House with flat roofs are insulated with a layer of glass fibre above the ceiling.
  • Eskimos build houses of snow to protect themselves from the cold.

Questions & Answers

how does Neisseria cause meningitis
Nyibol Reply
what is microbiologist
Muhammad Reply
what is errata
Muhammad
is the branch of biology that deals with the study of microorganisms.
Ntefuni Reply
What is microbiology
Mercy Reply
studies of microbes
Louisiaste
when we takee the specimen which lumbar,spin,
Ziyad Reply
How bacteria create energy to survive?
Muhamad Reply
Bacteria doesn't produce energy they are dependent upon their substrate in case of lack of nutrients they are able to make spores which helps them to sustain in harsh environments
_Adnan
But not all bacteria make spores, l mean Eukaryotic cells have Mitochondria which acts as powerhouse for them, since bacteria don't have it, what is the substitution for it?
Muhamad
they make spores
Louisiaste
what is sporadic nd endemic, epidemic
Aminu Reply
the significance of food webs for disease transmission
Abreham
food webs brings about an infection as an individual depends on number of diseased foods or carriers dully.
Mark
explain assimilatory nitrate reduction
Esinniobiwa Reply
Assimilatory nitrate reduction is a process that occurs in some microorganisms, such as bacteria and archaea, in which nitrate (NO3-) is reduced to nitrite (NO2-), and then further reduced to ammonia (NH3).
Elkana
This process is called assimilatory nitrate reduction because the nitrogen that is produced is incorporated in the cells of microorganisms where it can be used in the synthesis of amino acids and other nitrogen products
Elkana
Examples of thermophilic organisms
Shu Reply
Give Examples of thermophilic organisms
Shu
advantages of normal Flora to the host
Micheal Reply
Prevent foreign microbes to the host
Abubakar
they provide healthier benefits to their hosts
ayesha
They are friends to host only when Host immune system is strong and become enemies when the host immune system is weakened . very bad relationship!
Mark
what is cell
faisal Reply
cell is the smallest unit of life
Fauziya
cell is the smallest unit of life
Akanni
ok
Innocent
cell is the structural and functional unit of life
Hasan
is the fundamental units of Life
Musa
what are emergency diseases
Micheal Reply
There are nothing like emergency disease but there are some common medical emergency which can occur simultaneously like Bleeding,heart attack,Breathing difficulties,severe pain heart stock.Hope you will get my point .Have a nice day ❣️
_Adnan
define infection ,prevention and control
Innocent
I think infection prevention and control is the avoidance of all things we do that gives out break of infections and promotion of health practices that promote life
Lubega
Heyy Lubega hussein where are u from?
_Adnan
en français
Adama
which site have a normal flora
ESTHER Reply
Many sites of the body have it Skin Nasal cavity Oral cavity Gastro intestinal tract
Safaa
skin
Asiina
skin,Oral,Nasal,GIt
Sadik
How can Commensal can Bacteria change into pathogen?
Sadik
How can Commensal Bacteria change into pathogen?
Sadik
all
Tesfaye
by fussion
Asiina
what are the advantages of normal Flora to the host
Micheal
what are the ways of control and prevention of nosocomial infection in the hospital
Micheal
what is inflammation
Shelly Reply
part of a tissue or an organ being wounded or bruised.
Wilfred
what term is used to name and classify microorganisms?
Micheal Reply
Binomial nomenclature
adeolu
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Source:  OpenStax, Natural sciences grade 6. OpenStax CNX. Sep 16, 2009 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11079/1.1
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