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Listing 3 . The Populator class.
class Populator{ public static void fillIt(Collection ref){ref.add(new Integer(4)); ref.add(new Integer(4));ref.add(new Integer(3)); ref.add(new Integer(2));ref.add(new Integer(1)); }//end fillIt()}//end class populator

Don't know, don't care

As you can see in the above fragment, the fillIt method receives the reference to the TreeSet object as type Collection . This method doesn't know, and doesn't care, what the actual type of the object is. All itcares about is that the object is a Collection object. (Otherwise, the object's reference couldn't be passed in as a parameter. A type mismatch would occur.)

Because the incoming parameter is a reference to a Collection object, the fillIt method can call the add method on the object with confidence that the behavior of the add method will be appropriate for the specific type of object involved. (For example, the behavior of the add method for an object of the TreeSet class will probably be different from thebehavior of the add method for an object of some other class that implements the Collection interface.)

Polymorphism in action

The great thing about polymorphic behavior is that the author of the fillIt method doesn't need to be concerned about the implementation details of the add method.

Add five elements with some duplicates

The code in the fillIt method adds five elements to the object. Each element is a reference to a new object of type Integer . Two of the objects encapsulate the int value 4, and thus are duplicates.

The int values encapsulated in the Integer objects are not in ascending order. Rather, they are added to the object in descending order. (They could be added in any order and the end result would be the same.)

Filter out the duplicates

The add method for the TreeSet object filters out the duplicate element in order to satisfy the contract of the Collection interface.

Notification of duplicates

In this case, the author didn't care what happens in the case of duplicate elements. If the author of the fillIt method does care what happens in the case of duplicates, she can find out when an object is a duplicate.

According to the contract of the Collection interface, the add method must return true if the call to the method modifies the contents of the object and must return false if the collection does not permit duplicates and the collection already contains the specified element.

Sort the elements

Even though the elements are passed to the add method in descending order (or could be passed in any other order), they are stored and maintained in the TreeSet object in such a way that they can later be accessed in ascending order.

The TreeSet object is now populated

When the fillIt method returns, the TreeSet object contains four (not five) elements with no duplicates. Each element is a reference to an object of type Integer . Those references are maintained in such a way as to make them accessible in ascending order, based on the int values encapsulated in each of the Integer objects.

Get an Iterator object

Returning now to the doIt method in the Worker class that was called in Listing 1 , the statement in Listing 4 calls the iterator method on the TreeSet object's reference that is stored in the reference variable of type Collection .

Questions & Answers

Ayele, K., 2003. Introductory Economics, 3rd ed., Addis Ababa.
Widad Reply
can you send the book attached ?
Ariel
?
Ariel
What is economics
Widad Reply
the study of how humans make choices under conditions of scarcity
AI-Robot
U(x,y) = (x×y)1/2 find mu of x for y
Desalegn Reply
U(x,y) = (x×y)1/2 find mu of x for y
Desalegn
what is ecnomics
Jan Reply
this is the study of how the society manages it's scarce resources
Belonwu
what is macroeconomic
John Reply
macroeconomic is the branch of economics which studies actions, scale, activities and behaviour of the aggregate economy as a whole.
husaini
etc
husaini
difference between firm and industry
husaini Reply
what's the difference between a firm and an industry
Abdul
firm is the unit which transform inputs to output where as industry contain combination of firms with similar production 😅😅
Abdulraufu
Suppose the demand function that a firm faces shifted from Qd  120 3P to Qd  90  3P and the supply function has shifted from QS  20  2P to QS 10  2P . a) Find the effect of this change on price and quantity. b) Which of the changes in demand and supply is higher?
Toofiq Reply
explain standard reason why economic is a science
innocent Reply
factors influencing supply
Petrus Reply
what is economic.
Milan Reply
scares means__________________ends resources. unlimited
Jan
economics is a science that studies human behaviour as a relationship b/w ends and scares means which have alternative uses
Jan
calculate the profit maximizing for demand and supply
Zarshad Reply
Why qualify 28 supplies
Milan
what are explicit costs
Nomsa Reply
out-of-pocket costs for a firm, for example, payments for wages and salaries, rent, or materials
AI-Robot
concepts of supply in microeconomics
David Reply
economic overview notes
Amahle Reply
identify a demand and a supply curve
Salome Reply
i don't know
Parul
there's a difference
Aryan
Demand curve shows that how supply and others conditions affect on demand of a particular thing and what percent demand increase whith increase of supply of goods
Israr
Hi Sir please how do u calculate Cross elastic demand and income elastic demand?
Abari
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Source:  OpenStax, Object-oriented programming (oop) with java. OpenStax CNX. Jun 29, 2016 Download for free at https://legacy.cnx.org/content/col11441/1.201
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