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You should always look for ways to modify a question to obtain more material for use in class. I think a good addition to this question might be "Name a specific 'piece' of information you obtained today and discuss how you used it."

Communication

Cell phones and the Internet have not always been around, nor are they always the preferred choice of communication today. Name a situation (past or present) where two or more people must communicate where simple voice or Internet communication is not possible. How have they solved this difficulty in communication?

Here, I wished to find examples where a simplified "alphabet" is developed so that information can be conveyed with low probability of interpretative error. It serves as a lead-in to Modulation and Forward Error Control.

    Multiple student responses

  • A situation that I've experienced where it was preferred and pretty much necessary was at the place where I work, which is a record label. We are very near the release of a new album of one our bands and we received the first shipment of vinyl that we're distributing. Because vinyl is such a special experience for music lovers and a very textured media form, we all like listening to new vinyl together as a company in the same room to listen to any flaws in the vinyl. It's hard to judge the sound quality via video conferencing and sounds completely different than the digital version.
  • In the past, distance was the major obstacle that prevented people from keeping in touch. If anything, you has to utilize transportation to decrease this distanceand so you could talk face to face. Thanks to Alexander Graham Bell and the use of wires, people were able to fix this.
  • In the absence of electronic communication, people must communicate through other means. Physical mail, messengers, or seeing the individual in person are easy ways(though perhaps not so easy as using technology) to communicate. A friend of mine doesn't own a cell phone, so I had to go knock on his door if I wanted to talk tohim.
  • In WWI there was only morse code between military officers and personell.
  • People have held meetings. This is still a common practice in businesses, communities, and schools.
  • In the past there was no internet nor a simple way to communicate with people far away or in another town. In order to communicate they would send letters through mail.
  • One of the most notable examples of communication without voice or Internet availability is Morse code. In order to transmit messages without the use ofvoice communication, messages are encoded into a series of lights, clicks, or tones. Morse code is usually transmitted via radio and requires the use of a"key" to form the message and a translator to decode it on the receiving line. The concept of coding and decoding messages is the crux of the solution todeveloping alternate forms of communication.
  • When my dad was in college, there is no telephone in his hometown, if he wanted to communicate with his family, he would write a letter to them. It always took twoweeks or more to reach. Or if there was a emergency, he could telegraph. Comparedto letters, it was much quicker but it still needed around 2 days.
  • Not sure about the context, but my first answer would be by writing and traditional mail, sounding some kind of signal whether it be by sound or lightdisplay (such as smoke from a fire or a bell being struck), telegraph, or other third-party communication. Cell phones and the Internet have solved suchproblems by making individual communication completely portable and geographically pervasive. There are cell towers all over the globe now, and evenremote reaches can have areas where one can receive a cell phone signal making communication the rule rather than the exception.

Summary of answers

Many answers contained US mail or face-to-face communication (unintended answers). Others contained smoke signals and Morse code (predictable, less interesting). Notice, however, that the first item above brings a personal aspect to the table in the form of a "recording studio." The student's mention of a recording studio could be expanded so that we could discuss how the recording contractor communicates with the artist during the recording session without interrupting the recording.

The question might be reworded so that it might extract more abstract ideas like American Sign Language or scuba-diver signs. One way to do so may be to include ASL and scuba diver situations directly in the question to push them away from the all-too-obvious answers. I suspect that sometimes it may be better to saturate the question with potential applications to provide enough examples to lead the students away from what might be dominant and trivial answers.

Digital information

There are many ways to digitize information. For example, I can digitize the approximate flavor of the honey I harvest from my honeybees. Honey is made from many different flowers. In Illinois, major sources include:
  1. Alfalfa - Medicago sativa
  2. Dandelion - Taraxacum officinale
  3. Soybean - Glycine max
  4. Sweetclovers, Melilotus species
  5. White sweetclover-Melilotits alba
  6. Yellow sweetclover - Melilotus officinalis
  7. True clovers, Trifolium species
  8. Alsike clover - Trifolium hybridum
  9. Ladino - Trifolium repens
  10. Red clover - Trifolium pratense
  11. White Dutch - Trifolium repens
I can digitize the flavor of my honey by asking the questions:
  1. Was alfalfa in bloom during the honey flow? Yes/No
  2. Was dandelion in bloom during the honey flow? Yes/No
  3. etc...
The answers to my question would produce a 11-bit binary file to roughly describe the flavor my honey. Demonstrate how you can “digitize” something in your life.

Student response "a"

I can digitize my life by assigning binary numbers to the muscle group I am working out that day, and to get even more specific, i could assign numbers to particular workouts that i am doing within a givenworkout.
  • Back 001
  • Chest 010
  • Arms 100
  • Legs 011
  • Shoulders 110
  • Cardiovascular Exercises 111
  • Lat-pull downs 0001
  • Rows 0010
  • Pull-ups 0100
  • flat bench 1000
  • incline bench 0011
  • push-ups 0111
  • etc...

Other answers were less specific on how digitization would actually be applied. These also make good examples in lecture where you can have the students make suggestions on how to apply 0s and 1s to the information to make it "searchable". See the next response for an example.

Student response "b"

I could digitize all the movies and books that I've ever read and owned by recording them into a data spreadsheet and organizing them by year/genre/author/title.

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Source:  OpenStax, Diversity harnessing: content personalization for engaging non-stem students in stem topics. OpenStax CNX. Jun 21, 2013 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11439/1.8
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