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Aktiwiteit 3:

Om te bepaal wat die rassesamestelling van die mynwerkers in die goudmyne in 1907 was

[lu 2.1]

In 1907 was slegs 18% van die 18 600 wit mynwerkers nie immigrante nie.

  • Hoeveel buitelanders was daar?
  • Hoeveel was Suid-Afrikaners?

Aktiwiteit 4:

Om die bydrae van die drie belangrikste ekonomiese sektore tot die bruto binnelandse produk van die land te bepaal

[lu 2.1]

In 1925 was die bruto binnelandse produk R537 miljoen (in 1982 se waarde). Bereken die geldwaarde van die bydrae van elke sektor en skryf dit langs die persentasie.

  • Landbou 21%
  • Mynwese 16,2%
  • Vervaardigingsbedryf 7,8% Die regering het besluit dat die vervaardigingsbedryf uitgebrei moes word sodat meer blankes in daardie sektor werk kon kry, omdat die myne slegs beperkte werksgeleenthede vir blankes gebied het. In die vroeë 1920’s het die mynhuise begin om ‘n groter deel van hulle wins in die plaaslike vervaardigingsbedryf te belê.

g) Staatsondernemings

Hendrik van der Bijl

(1887 – 1948)

Hendrik van der Bijl word beskou as die vader van die nywerheidsrewolusie van die twintigste eeu in Suid-Afrika.

In 1920 het genl. Jan Smuts hom die pos van tegniese raadgewer aangebied in die hoop dat hy hierdie briljante jong man ‘n bydrae sal lewer om industrialisasie in Suid-Afrika aan die gang te kry.

Vroeg reeds het Van der Bijl besef dat Suid-Afrika eers oor ‘n elektrisiteitsnetwerk moet beskik voordat ‘n begin gemaak kan word met industrialisasie. Hy het die Elektrisiteitswet opgestel wat gelei het tot die stigting van die Elektrisiteitsvoorsieningskommissie (EVKOM) in 1923 wat aan Suid-Afrika krag sou voorsien. Die bates van die maatskappy het in Van der Bijl se lewe dramaties gegroei en het voor sy dood dertigvoudig vermeerder. In 1948 het die onderneming 16 100 mense in diens gehad.

Van der Bijl het besef dat geen land suksesvol kan industrialiseer as hy nie oor twee basiese kommoditeite beskik nie: goedkoop, toeganklike elektrisiteit en goedkoop staal. Op daardie stadium was Suid- Afrika volledig afhanklik van ingevoerde staal uit Brittanje.

In 1928 word die Wet op die Suid-Afrikaanse Yster en Staalkorporasie aanvaar. Van der Bijl was die eerste voorsitter van YSKOR. Die eerste fabriek is buite Pretoria opgerig, en ‘n tweede aanleg is in 1945 in Vanderbijlpark aangelê. Hierdie onderneming is op die vooraand van die Groot Depressie gestig en sy vasberadenheid om die onderneming te laat slaag, het uiteindelik vrugte afgewerp.

Verwerk uit: Hulle het ons eeu gevorm. Kaapstad, Human en Rousseau (pp.334 –338) Artikel deur Pieter Kapp

h) Die regering onder die Nasionale Party

Die beleid van “beskaafde arbeid”

Die Nasionale Party het in 1929 aan bewind gekom. Die regering wou ten alle koste werk vir ongeskoolde en halfgeskoolde werkers skep, selfs ten koste van ander blanke werkers.

Die regering het ‘n onderskeid gemaak tussen twee soorte arbeid:

Daar was dié wat “beskaafde arbeid” verrig het en wat so betaal moes word dat hulle ‘n bepaalde lewenstandaard kon handhaaf.

Daarteenoor was daar “onbeskaafde arbeid”, wat feitlik net deur swart werkers verrig is en aan wie lone betaal is wat slegs in die behoeftes van “barbaarse en onontwikkelde mense” voorsien het.

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Source:  OpenStax, Ekonomiese en bestuurswetenskappe graad 7. OpenStax CNX. Sep 09, 2009 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11024/1.1
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