<< Chapter < Page Chapter >> Page >

The elements, which implements inferred “mrow” are : “msqrt”, “mstyle”, “merror”, “menclose”, “mpadded”, “mphantom”, “mtd”, and “math”. Important to note here is the inclusion of top level “math” element in the list. It means that putting “mrow” tag just after “math” element is actually redundant.

If we look closely at the elements, which implement inferred “mrow”, then we observe that all these elements require to treat everything inside it as a single unit. This is the reason that they would otherwise require a pair of “mrow” tags to combine all child elements as one group. It is, therefore, good thinking on the part of MathML developers to enforce “mrow” inexplicitly and save on coding and avoid cluttering with “mrow” tags.

”mfrac” layout element

Specific attributes :   linethickness numalign denomalign bevelled symmetric

The “mfrac” element renders fraction in p q form. The element requires two arguments to implement the fraction. The first argument is numerator, while the second is denominator of the fraction. The syntax of the element is as given below :

<mfrac> numerator denominator </mfrac>

The “mfrac” element is an extremely flexible element to produce very complicated fraction, in which numerator or denominator may themselves be a fraction. Such implementation is affected by nested “mfrac” as shown in the example here.

Nested "mfrac" display

<m:math display="block"> <m:mi> x </m:mi> <m:mo> = </m:mo> <m:mfrac> <m:mrow> <m:mn> 1 </m:mn> <m:mo> + </m:mo> <m:mfrac> <m:mn> 3 </m:mn> <m:mn> 10 </m:mn> </m:mfrac> </m:mrow> <m:mrow> <m:mfrac> <m:mn> 2 </m:mn> <m:mn> 7 </m:mn> </m:mfrac> <m:mo> + </m:mo> <m:mfrac> <m:mn> 12 </m:mn> <m:mn> 5 </m:mn> </m:mfrac> </m:mrow> </m:mfrac> </m:math>

Save the file after editing as “test.xml”. The display looks like :

x = 1 + 3 10 2 7 + 12 5

In the example, the numerator of the outermost “mfrac” element contains expression consisting of another “mfrac” element, while the denominator consists of two “mfrac” elements. Also note the use of “mrow” element to ensure that a “mfrac” elements takes exactly two arguments.

Changing bar thickness

    Attribute value types

  • linethickness (default = 1) : number | thin | medium | thick

The fraction is displayed with a fraction bar or rule, separating numerator and denominator. Appearance of this bar can be changed using “linethickness” attribute. The default thickness of the bar is set by the rendering enviornment. When set to zero, no bar is shown.

A thicker bar, in relation to default thickness, can be shown assigning values to “linethickness” attribute. MathML provides predetermined thin, medium and thick values, which is a preferred technique to display different thicknesses of the bar. This way, we can maintain uniformity in our display. Normally, bar thickness is not required to be changed except when nested “mfrac” is implemented. In that case, there are more than one bar and as such it may be required to distinguish the central bar from others. The example given here encapsulates these aspects of “mfrac” display. .

Questions & Answers

what is mutation
Janga Reply
what is a cell
Sifune Reply
how is urine form
Sifune
what is antagonism?
mahase Reply
classification of plants, gymnosperm features.
Linsy Reply
what is the features of gymnosperm
Linsy
how many types of solid did we have
Samuel Reply
what is an ionic bond
Samuel
What is Atoms
Daprince Reply
what is fallopian tube
Merolyn
what is bladder
Merolyn
what's bulbourethral gland
Eduek Reply
urine is formed in the nephron of the renal medulla in the kidney. It starts from filtration, then selective reabsorption and finally secretion
onuoha Reply
State the evolution relation and relevance between endoplasmic reticulum and cytoskeleton as it relates to cell.
Jeremiah
what is heart
Konadu Reply
how is urine formed in human
Konadu
how is urine formed in human
Rahma
what is the diference between a cavity and a canal
Pelagie Reply
what is the causative agent of malaria
Diamond
malaria is caused by an insect called mosquito.
Naomi
Malaria is cause by female anopheles mosquito
Isaac
Malaria is caused by plasmodium Female anopheles mosquitoe is d carrier
Olalekan
a canal is more needed in a root but a cavity is a bad effect
Commander
what are pathogens
Don Reply
In biology, a pathogen (Greek: πάθος pathos "suffering", "passion" and -γενής -genēs "producer of") in the oldest and broadest sense, is anything that can produce disease. A pathogen may also be referred to as an infectious agent, or simply a germ. The term pathogen came into use in the 1880s.[1][2
Zainab
A virus
Commander
Definition of respiration
Muhsin Reply
respiration is the process in which we breath in oxygen and breath out carbon dioxide
Achor
how are lungs work
Commander
where does digestion begins
Achiri Reply
in the mouth
EZEKIEL
what are the functions of follicle stimulating harmones?
Rashima Reply
stimulates the follicle to release the mature ovum into the oviduct
Davonte
what are the functions of Endocrine and pituitary gland
Chinaza
endocrine secrete hormone and regulate body process
Achor
while pituitary gland is an example of endocrine system and it's found in the Brain
Achor
what's biology?
Egbodo Reply
Biology is the study of living organisms, divided into many specialized field that cover their morphology, physiology,anatomy, behaviour,origin and distribution.
Lisah
biology is the study of life.
Alfreda
Biology is the study of how living organisms live and survive in a specific environment
Sifune
Got questions? Join the online conversation and get instant answers!
Jobilize.com Reply

Get Jobilize Job Search Mobile App in your pocket Now!

Get it on Google Play Download on the App Store Now




Source:  OpenStax, A primer in mathml. OpenStax CNX. Apr 19, 2006 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col10345/1.16
Google Play and the Google Play logo are trademarks of Google Inc.

Notification Switch

Would you like to follow the 'A primer in mathml' conversation and receive update notifications?

Ask