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  • As jy andersom aftrek, moet jy dit vir beide koördinate doen, soos volg:

m = vertikale afs tan d horisontale afst and = 2 1 4 3 = + 3 + 1 = 3 size 12{ size 11{m``=`` { { size 11{"vertikale"```"afs""tan"d}} over { size 11{"horisontale"```"afst""and"}} } ``=`` { { size 11{2` - ` left ( size 11{ - 1} right )}} over { size 11{4 - 3}} } ``=`` { { size 11{+3}} over { size 11{+1}} } ``=``3}} {} , dieselfde antwoord!

1 Op blokkiespapier, stip die twee punte (3 ; –1) en (4 ; 2), en trek die lyn. Gebruik nou die grafiese metode om die gradiënt te bereken, en bevestig dat jy dieselfde antwoord kry as met die algebraïese metode.

2 Hier is vyf paar koördinate. Bereken die vyf gradiënte tussen elke paar punte.

2.1 (2 ; 6) en (4 ; 4)

2.2 (1 ; 2) en (–2 ; –1)

2.3 (0 ; 0) en (1 ; 5)

2.4 (–1 ; 4) en (5 ; 4)

2.5 (7 ; 0) en (7 ; –3)

AKTIWITEIT 3

Om twee gelyktydige vergelykings grafies op te los

[LU 2.5]

1 Los die volgende stelsels vergelykings gelyktydig op (verwys gerus terug na die hoofstuk waar jy geleer het om dit te doen).

1.1 y = ½ х + 2 en y = 3

1.2 y = х en y = –3

1.3 y = х – 2 en y = –3

1.4 y = – х + 4 en y = 0

1.5 y = ½ х – 2 en y = 0

2 Verwys na die diagramme in die vorige oefening en skryf die koördinate neer van die punte waar die volgende pare lyne mekaar sny:

2.1 A en C 2.2 E en G 2.3 E en H 2.4 J en L 2.5 K en J

3 Bekyk hierdie antwoorde tesame met die vergelykings van die lyne A tot L wat jy reeds in probleem 3 bepaal het .

  • Voorbeeld:
  • Lyn J se vergelyking is y = 0, en vir lyn I behoort jy die vergelyking y = 1 8 x + 1 2 size 12{y= - { { size 8{1} } over { size 8{8} } } x+ { { size 8{1} } over { size 8{2} } } } {} te bepaal het. (Hierdie vergelyking kan ook as х + 8 y = 4 geskryf word. Bevestig deur hierdie een in die standaardvorm te skryf.)
  • As ons die twee vergelykings gelyktydig oplos, substitueer ons vanuit y = 0 in х + 8 y = 4.

Dus, х + 8(0) = 4  х + 0 = 4  х = 4

Die oplossing is (4 ; 0). As dit met die grafiek vergelyk word, sien ons dat die twee lyne I en J mekaar in die punt ( 4 ; 0 ) sny.

  • Bevestig dat jou antwoorde korrek is deur die koördinate bepaal deur die algebraïese metode te vergelyk met die koördinate bepaal deur die grafiese metode.

Bron:

New Scientist , 27 April 2002 vir Grafieke A en B.

Assessering

LU 2
Patrone, Funksies en AlgebraDie leerder is in staat om patrone en verwantskappe te herken, te beskryf en voor te stel, en probleme op te los deur algebraïese taal en vaardighede te gebruik.
Dit is duidelik wanneer die leerder:
2.1 op verskillende maniere ‘n verskeidenheid numeriese en meetkundige patrone en verwantskappe ondersoek deur dit voor te stel en te veralgemeen, en deur die reëls onderliggend daaraan te verduidelik en te bewys (insluitend patrone in natuurlike en kulturele vorms, en patrone wat die leerder self geskep het);
2.2 voorstellings maak van verwantskappe tussen veranderlikes en dit gebruik sodat invoer– en/of uitvoerwaardes op ‘n verskeidenheid maniere bepaal kan word deur die gebruik van:
2.2.1 woordelikse beskrywings;2.2.2 vloeidiagramme;2.2.3 tabelle;2.2.4 formules en vergelykings;
2.3 wiskundige modelle saamstel wat oplossings vir probleemsituasies voorstel, beskryf en voorsien, en verantwoordelikheid toon teenoor die omgewing en die gesondheid van ander (insluitend probleme binne menseregte-, sosiale, ekonomiese, kulturele en omgewingskontekste);
2.4 vergelykings oplos deur inspeksie, deur ‘n proses van probeer–en–verbeter of algebraïese prosesse (optellings- en vermenigvuldigngsomgekeerdes, asook faktorisering) en die oplossings kontroleer deur vervanging;
2.5 grafieke op die Cartesiese vlak teken vir gegewe vergelykings (met twee veranderlikes), of die vergelykings of formules bepaal van gegewe grafieke, deur, waar nodig, van tabelle gebruik te maak;

Memorandum

Vergelykings vanuit grafieke

2.1 m = –1; c = 1 y = – x + 1 2.2 m = –1,5; c = –1,5 y = –1½ x – 1½

2.3 m = 5 6 size 12{ { {5} over {6} } } {} ; c = –0,4 y = 5 6 size 12{ { {5} over {6} } } {} x – 0,4 2.4 m = 2; c = –1 y = 2 x – 1

2.5 m = –1; c = 0 y = – x 2.6 m = 2 3 size 12{ - { {2} over {3} } } {} ; c = 0 y = 2 3 size 12{ - { {2} over {3} } } {} x

2.7 m = 1 3 size 12{ { {1} over {3} } } {} ; c = 0 y = 1 3 size 12{ { {1} over {3} } } {} x 2.8 m = 2 3 size 12{ { {2} over {3} } } {} ; c = 0 y = 2 3 size 12{ { {2} over {3} } } {} x

3. A: y = 3 B: y = –½ x C: y = ½ x + 2 D: x = –1

E: y = –3 F: x = 2 G: y = x H: y = x – 2

I: y = –¼ x + ½ J: y = 0 K: y = ½ x – 2 L: y = –½ x + 4

4. Die lyne is parallel. Op hierdie stadium, afhanklik van die klas, sou die opvoeder kon praat oor m 1 = m 2 (parallel), en m 1 × m 2 = –1 (loodreg).

Gradiënte bereken uit twee punte

2.1 m = 6 4 2 4 = 2 2 = 1 size 12{m= { {6 - 4} over {2 - 4} } = { {2} over { - 2} } = - 1} {}

2.2 m = 2 1 1 2 = 2 + 1 1 + 2 = 3 3 = 1 size 12{m= { {2 - left ( - 1 right )} over {1 - left ( - 2 right )} } = { {2+1} over {1+2} } = { {3} over {3} } =1} {}

2.3 m = 5 0 1 0 = 5 1 = 5 size 12{m= { {5 - 0} over {1 - 0} } = { {5} over {1} } =5} {}

2.4 m = 4 4 1 5 = 0 6 = 0 size 12{m= { {4 - 4} over { - 1 - 5} } = { {0} over { - 6} } =0} {}

2.5 m = 0 3 7 7 = 3 0 size 12{m= { {0 - left ( - 3 right )} over {7 - 7} } = { {3} over {0} } } {} ongedefinieer.

Leerders verwar dikwels die betekenis van die nul in die teller en die nul in die noemer. Beklemtoon gerus dat ons eerste die nul in die noemer moet soek. Dit beteken dat 0 0 size 12{ { {0} over {0} } } {} outomaties ongedefinieerd is (instede van nul).

As daar tyd is, laat leerders die lyne hierbo skets en sodoende bevestig dat hul antwoorde redelik is.

1.1 (2 ; 3)

1.2 (–3 ; –3)

1.3 (–1 ; –3)

1.4 (4 ; 0)

1.5 (4 ; 0)

2.1 (2 ; 3)

2.2 (–3 ; –3)

2.3 (–1 ; –3)

2.4 (4 ; 0)

2.5 (4 ; 0)

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Source:  OpenStax, Wiskunde graad 9. OpenStax CNX. Sep 14, 2009 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11055/1.1
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