The basics

OpenStax

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Itse1359-1010-getting started

1 Table of contents

3 What you will learn

6 Python programmers

7 Windows would be handy

8 Practice, practice, and more practice

11 Why use Python ?

12 What is Python ?

13 More facts, less hype

14 Learn OOP without the details

15 A beginner-friendly language

16 Sneaking up on OOP

17 Python has an interactive mode

18 Python has a non-interactive mode

19 Python combines interactive and non-interactive modes

20 Small core, large library

21 Let's Write a Program

22 Getting ready

23 Download and install the software

24 Starting the programming environment

25 Enough talk -- let's begin

26 What do you see?

27 The Python Manuals

28 The library reference

29 IDLE (Python GUI)

30 What does it look like ?

31 What is a GUI ?

32 The Python (command line) selection

33 The command-line window

34 Your first (interactive) Python program

35 Hello World in Python

36 The Python prompt > > >

38 Congratulations

39 Python is ready for more

40 Miscellaneous

Itse1359-1010r-review

1 Table of contents

15 Miscellaneous

Itse1359-1015-program organization

Itse1359-1020-numbers

1 Table of contents

5 Let's program

6 Start the interactive Python environment

7 Program comments

8 How useful are comments ?

9 A Python comment

10 Using the interactive mode

11 What is that ... prompt ?

12 The sum of 2 and 5

13 Input and output

14 What was the input in this case ?

15 What was the output ?

16 Mixing comments and expressions

17 Command line versus GUI

18 Let's get technical

19 Statement ends at the end of the line

20 Literal values and variables

23 Unary and binary operators

24 Some can be either

25 Some arithmetic operators

26 Addition, subtraction, and multiplication

28 Integer division

29 Do you remember long division ?

30 The modulus operator

31 The order of operations

32 Operator precedence

33 Grouping terms with parentheses

34 Forcing addition to be performed first

35 Forcing multiplication to be performed first

36 Nested parentheses

37 Negative integer division

38 Complex numbers

39 Programming errors

40 Miscellaneous

Itse1359-1020r-review

1 Table of contents

29 Miscellaneous

Itse1359-1030-variables and identifiers

1 Table of contents

5 What is a variable?

6 A pigeonhole in memory

7 The concept of type

8 Strongly typed languages

9 Python is not strongly typed

10 Declaration of variables

11 Dangerous curves ahead !

12 Don't use the same name for two variables

13 A more subtle danger

14 Rules for identifiers

15 Give me the rules in plain English

16 Allowable characters

17 Case is significant

20 Let's program

21 Start the interactive Python environment

22 Create and use some variables

23 Back to the pigeonholes

24 The assignment operator

25 What is an operand ?

26 Addition of variables

27 Assigning the same value to several variables

28 Create three variables

29 Assign different values

30 A more comprehensive explanation

31 A code visualizer tool

32 Creation of variables and objects

33 The important point

34 The sum of two variables

35 Assigning the same value To several variables

36 Breaking a reference to an object

37 Type considerations

38 Advantages and disadvantages

39 The range of values

41 Floating point provides greater range

42 Sometimes range is important, and sometimes not

43 Approximate results

44 Automatic type handling in Python

45 Python takes care of routine type issues automatically

46 Assign some floating point values

47 How is this accomplished?

48 The magic continuation variable

49 How does it work ?

50 Sum is saved in the continuation variable

51 The primary purpose of the continuation variable

52 Illegal variable names

53 Variable name spelling errors

54 A serious programming problem

55 Why did this happen ?

56 The code visualizer

57 Spelling errors can be dangerous

58 Defending against spelling errors

59 Meaningful variable names

60 Remember, case is significant in variable names

61 Miscellaneous

Itse1359-1030r-review

Itse1359-1040-strings part 1

1 Table of contents

5 Introduction to the string

7 An expression using variables

8 An expression using literals

9 String literals

10 A syntax error

11 A valid string literal

12 Proper syntax

14 More examples

15 Triple-quoted strings

16 The newline (\n) character

17 Representing the newline character

18 An escape sequence

19 One more syntax option

20 Escape sequences

21 The newline character

22 The built-in print function

23 Including the newline character

24 The print function renders according to meaning

25 The quote character

26 Escaping the quote character

27 Avoiding the quote problem

28 List of escape sequences

29 More ways to span lines

30 End the line with a backslash

31 Not restricted to strings

32 A form of concatenation

33 Use the \n escape sequence

34 Combine backslash and \n

35 String concatenation

36 Literal string concatenation

37 Concatenate through placement

38 Creating whitespace

39 Using + for concatenation

40 Whitespace is included in the quotes

41 Visualizing string concatenation

42 More on strings later

43 Miscellaneous

Itse1359-1040r-review

Itse1359-1050-introduction to scripts

Itse1359-1050r-review

1 Table of contents

11 Figure index

20 Miscellaneous

Itse1359-1060-syntax

1 Table of contents

7 Program construction

8 A physical line

9 A logical line

10 Statements and logical lines

12 Explicit line joining

13 The backslash character

14 For illustration only

15 No spaces or comments allowed

16 Otherwise illegal

17 Implicit line joining

20 Indentation is used to determine grouping of statements

21 A blessing and a curse

22 No safety nets

23 An example of correct indentation

24 Compare A with B and take appropriate action

25 A compound statement

26 Group behavior

27 Another sample script

28 Members of the group

30 Indentation details

31 Leading whitespace

33 The bottom line on indentation

34 Miscellaneous

Itse1359-1060r-review

1 Table of contents

19 Miscellaneous

Itse1359-1065-visualizing python

1 Table of contents

6 General background information

7 Recommendation

8 Discussion and sample code

9 Open the online text editor

10 Three drop-down boxes

11 Beginning the visualization process

12 The red and green arrows

13 Output following three presses of the Forward button

14 Same situation, different code

15 Stepping through the code

16 The student torture program

18 Run the programs

19 Miscellaneous

Itse1359-1070p-preview-strings part 2

Itse1359-1070-strings part 2

1 Table of contents

7 What you have learned

8 What you will learn

10 A practical example

11 Assigning an ordinal index

12 Using an ordinal index

13 Index values automatically assigned

15 A sample program

16 The program listing

17 Will discuss in fragments

18 Interesting code fragments

19 Extract a single character

20 Create a string object to work with

21 Visualizing the string object

22 Index values always begin with zero

23 Display the character at index 3

24 Is this the fourth character ?

25 An important and potentially confusing point

26 Not like eggs

27 A simple slice

28 Slice notation

29 The end is non-inclusive

30 Extract the first word in the string

31 Extract the last word in the string

32 A more complicated slice

33 Omitting the first index

34 Omitting the second index

35 Print the entire string

36 Print an empty string

37 Negative indices

38 Eliminating confusion

39 Getting the length of a string

40 The complete output

41 A string is immutable

42 Miscellaneous

43 Complete program listing

Itse1359-1070r-review

1 Table of contents

25 Miscellaneous

Itse1359-1080pa-preview-01-lists part 1

Itse1359-1080pb-preview-02-lists part 1

Itse1359-1080pc-preview-03-lists part 1

1 Table of contents

6 General background information

7 Discussion and sample code

8 Program output

10 Answers in the back of the book

11 Miscellaneous

Itse1359-1080-lists part 1

1 Table of contents

7 What you have learned

8 Introducing lists

9 A subscription

12 A clarification

13 The expression_list

14 An example of an integer expression_list

15 Negative integers

16 Example of a negative index

17 More negative-integer rules

18 Good and bad negative integers

19 The character type

22 A real dictionary example

23 Is this a definition or a value ?

24 No mention of the Python language

25 What about the expression_list ?

27 A mutable sequence

29 Some sample programs

30 Creating, indexing, and slicing lists

31 An example list

32 Print an item using a subscription

33 Print some slices

34 Program output

35 Visualize sliced lists

36 Create new lists by slicing an existing list

37 Change an item in the original list

38 Lists can be concatenated

39 A concatenation program

40 Concatenation program output

41 Visualize concatenated lists

42 Create a new list by concatenating two existing lists

43 Change an element in an original list

44 Lists are mutable

45 Replace a string with another string

46 Multiply an integer element by two

47 Replace a string by a float

48 List modification program output

49 More to come

50 Miscellaneous

Itse1359-1080r-review

1 Table of contents

22 Listing index

42 Miscellaneous

Itse1359-1090pa-preview-01-lists part 2

Itse1359-1090pb-preview-02-lists part 2

1 Table of contents

6 General background information

7 Discussion and sample code

8 Program output For replacing an element with a list

10 Answers in the back of the book

11 Miscellaneous

Itse1359-1090pc-preview-03-lists part 2

Itse1359-1090pd-preview-04-lists part 2

Itse1359-1090pe-preview-05-lists part 2

Itse1359-1090-lists part 2

1 Table of contents

7 Manipulating lists

8 Other ways to manipulate lists

9 Some sample programs

10 Replacing a slice

11 Can change the length of the list

12 The function named len()

13 Replaces a three-element slice with a six-element list

14 Length of the list is increased by 3

15 Program output

16 Replacing an element with a list

17 Behavior is different from above

18 Produces nested lists

19 Length is unchanged

20 Program output from replacing an element with a list

21 One element is itself a list

22 A visualization

23 Extracting elements from a nested list

24 Display the nested list combination

25 Double-square-bracket notation

26 Program output from extracting elements from a nested list

27 More on nested elements

28 Create a list of lists

29 Inner lists are different lengths

30 Program behavior and output

31 Getting the length of a nested list

32 Arrays -- not for beginners

33 Python lists are more powerful

34 Sub-arrays can be different sizes

35 Types can also be different

36 A three-dimensional array program

37 Triple-square-bracket notation

38 Visualization of a three-dimensional array

39 Program behavior

40 Output from a three-dimensional array program

41 More information on lists

42 Miscellaneous

Itse1359-1090r-review

1 Table of contents

14 Miscellaneous

Itse1359-1100-indexing and slicing tuples

1 Table of contents

7 What is a tuple ?

8 Description of a tuple

9 An array of references

10 What can you do with a tuple ?

11 Why do tuples exist ?

12 A sample program

13 Indexing and slicing tuples

14 The program output

15 Tuple syntax

16 Indexing items in a tuple

17 Tuples can be sliced

18 Complete program listing

19 Run the program

20 Miscellaneous

Itse1359-1100r-review

1 Table of contents

17 Figure index

18 Listing index

33 Miscellaneous

Itse1359-1110-nested tuples

Itse1359-1110r-review

Itse1359-1120-empty and single-item tuples

Itse1359-1120r-review

Itse1359-1130-unpacking tuples

1 Table of contents

7 What is a tuple ?

8 Sample program

9 Program to unpack a tuple

10 Tuples can be concatenated

11 Unusual syntax

12 Packing and unpacking a tuple

13 Unpack the tuple into the mutable list

14 Complete program listing

15 Visualization of the tuples in the program

16 Run the program

17 Miscellaneous

Itse1359-1130r-review

1 Table of contents

12 Miscellaneous

Source: OpenStax, Itse 1359 introduction to scripting languages: python. OpenStax CNX. Jan 22, 2016 Download for free at https://legacy.cnx.org/content/col11713/1.32

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