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- Brønsted-lowry acids and bases
The ion product of water,
K
w is the equilibrium constant for the autoionization reaction:
Key equations
-
K
w = [H
3 O
+ ][OH
− ] = 1.0
10
−14 (at 25 °C)
Chemistry end of chapter exercises
Write equations that show NH
3 as both a conjugate acid and a conjugate base.
One example for NH
3 as a conjugate acid:
as a conjugate base:
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Show by suitable net ionic equations that each of the following species can act as a Brønsted-Lowry acid:
(a)
(b) HCl
(c) NH
3
(d) CH
3 CO
2 H
(e)
(f)
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
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Show by suitable net ionic equations that each of the following species can act as a Brønsted-Lowry acid:
(a) HNO
3
(b)
(c) H
2 S
(d) CH
3 CH
2 COOH
(e)
(f) HS
−
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Show by suitable net ionic equations that each of the following species can act as a Brønsted-Lowry base:
(a) H
2 O
(b) OH
−
(c) NH
3
(d) CN
−
(e) S
2−
(f)
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
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Show by suitable net ionic equations that each of the following species can act as a Brønsted-Lowry base:
(a) HS
−
(b)
(c)
(d) C
2 H
5 OH
(e) O
2−
(f)
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What is the conjugate acid of each of the following? What is the conjugate base of each?
(a) OH
−
(b) H
2 O
(c)
(d) NH
3
(e)
(f) H
2 O
2
(g) HS
−
(h)
(a) H
2 O, O
2− ; (b) H
3 O
+ , OH
− ; (c) H
2 CO
3 ,
(d)
(e) H
2 SO
4 ,
(f)
(g) H
2 S; S
2− ; (h)
H
4 N
2
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What is the conjugate acid of each of the following? What is the conjugate base of each?
(a) H
2 S
(b)
(c) PH
3
(d) HS
−
(e)
(f)
(g) H
4 N
2
(h) CH
3 OH
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Identify and label the Brønsted-Lowry acid, its conjugate base, the Brønsted-Lowry base, and its conjugate acid in each of the following equations:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
The labels are Brønsted-Lowry acid = BA; its conjugate base = CB; Brønsted-Lowry base = BB; its conjugate acid = CA. (a) HNO
3 (BA), H
2 O(BB), H
3 O
+ (CA),
(b) CN
− (BB), H
2 O(BA), HCN(CA), OH
− (CB); (c) H
2 SO
4 (BA), Cl
− (BB), HCl(CA),
(d)
OH
− (BB),
(CB), H
2 O(CA); (e) O
2− (BB), H
2 O(BA) OH
− (CB and CA); (f) [Cu(H
2 O)
3 (OH)]
+ (BB), [Al(H
2 O)
6 ]
3+ (BA), [Cu(H
2 O)
4 ]
2+ (CA), [Al(H
2 O)
5 (OH)]
2+ (CB); (g) H
2 S(BA),
HS
− (CB), NH
3 (CA)
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Identify and label the Brønsted-Lowry acid, its conjugate base, the Brønsted-Lowry base, and its conjugate acid in each of the following equations:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
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What are amphiprotic species? Illustrate with suitable equations.
Amphiprotic species may either gain or lose a proton in a chemical reaction, thus acting as a base or an acid. An example is H
2 O. As an acid:
As a base:
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State which of the following species are amphiprotic and write chemical equations illustrating the amphiprotic character of these species:
(a) H
2 O
(b)
(c) S
2−
(d)
(e)
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State which of the following species are amphiprotic and write chemical equations illustrating the amphiprotic character of these species.
(a) NH
3
(b)
(c) Br
−
(d)
(e)
amphiprotic: (a)
(b)
not amphiprotic: (c) Br
− ; (d)
(e)
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Questions & Answers
Discuss the differences between taste and flavor, including how other sensory inputs contribute to our perception of flavor.
taste refers to your understanding of the flavor . while flavor one The other hand is refers to sort of just a blend things.
Faith
While taste primarily relies on our taste buds, flavor involves a complex interplay between taste and aroma
Kamara
which drugs can we use for ulcers
Omeprazole
Cimetidine / Tagament
For the complicated once ulcer - kit
Patrick
what is the function of lymphatic system
to drain extracellular fluid all over the body.
asegid
The lymphatic system plays several crucial roles in the human body, functioning as a key component of the immune system and contributing to the maintenance of fluid balance. Its main functions include:
1. Immune Response: The lymphatic system produces and transports lymphocytes, which are a type of
asegid
to transport fluids fats proteins and lymphocytes to the blood stream as lymph
Adama
Anatomy is the identification and description of the structures of living things
Kamara
what's the difference between anatomy and physiology
Anatomy is the study of the structure of the body, while physiology is the study of the function of the body. Anatomy looks at the body's organs and systems, while physiology looks at how those organs and systems work together to keep the body functioning.
AI-Robot
what is enzymes all about?
Enzymes are proteins that help speed up chemical reactions in our bodies. Enzymes are essential for digestion, liver function and much more. Too much or too little of a certain enzyme can cause health problems
Kamara
how does the stomach protect itself from the damaging effects of HCl
little girl okay how does the stomach protect itself from the damaging effect of HCL
Wulku
it is because of the enzyme that the stomach produce that help the stomach from the damaging effect of HCL
Kamara
function of digestive system
function of digestive
Ali
what is the normal body temperature
please why 37 degree selcius normal temperature
Mark
the normal temperature is 37°c or 98.6 °Fahrenheit is important for maintaining the homeostasis in the body
the body regular this temperature through the process called thermoregulation which involves brain skin muscle and other organ working together to maintain stable internal temperature
Stephanie
anaemia is the decrease in RBC count hemoglobin count and PVC count
Eniola
what is the pH of the vagina
how does Lysin attack pathogens
Diya
I information on anatomy position and digestive system and there enzyme
anatomy of the female external genitalia
Organ Systems Of The Human Body (Continued)
Organ Systems Of The Human Body (Continued)
what's lochia albra
Kizito
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Source:
OpenStax, Chemistry. OpenStax CNX. May 20, 2015 Download for free at http://legacy.cnx.org/content/col11760/1.9
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