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Algebraic

In the following exercises, show that matrix A is the inverse of matrix B .

A = [ 1 0 −1 1 ] , B = [ 1 0 1 1 ]

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A = [ 1 2 3 4 ] , B = [ −2 1 3 2 1 2 ]

A B = B A = [ 1 0 0 1 ] = I

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A = [ 4 5 7 0 ] , B = [ 0 1 7 1 5 4 35 ]

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A = [ −2 1 2 3 −1 ] , B = [ −2 −1 −6 −4 ]

A B = B A = [ 1 0 0 1 ] = I

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A = [ 1 0 1 0 1 −1 0 1 1 ] , B = 1 2 [ 2 1 −1 0 1 1 0 −1 1 ]

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A = [ 1 2 3 4 0 2 1 6 9 ] , B = 1 4 [ 6 0 −2 17 −3 −5 −12 2 4 ]

A B = B A = [ 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 ] = I

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A = [ 3 8 2 1 1 1 5 6 12 ] , B = 1 36 [ −6 84 −6 7 −26 1 −1 −22 5 ]

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For the following exercises, find the multiplicative inverse of each matrix, if it exists.

[ 3 −2 1 9 ]

1 29 [ 9 2 −1 3 ]

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[ −3 7 9 2 ]

1 69 [ −2 7 9 3 ]

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[ 1 1 2 2 ]

There is no inverse

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[ 0.5 1.5 1 −0.5 ]

4 7 [ 0.5 1.5 1 −0.5 ]

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[ 1 0 6 −2 1 7 3 0 2 ]

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[ 0 1 −3 4 1 0 1 0 5 ]

1 17 [ −5 5 −3 20 −3 12 1 −1 4 ]

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[ 1 2 −1 −3 4 1 −2 −4 −5 ]

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[ 1 9 −3 2 5 6 4 −2 7 ]

1 209 [ 47 −57 69 10 19 −12 −24 38 −13 ]

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[ 1 −2 3 −4 8 −12 1 4 2 ]

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[ 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 3 1 4 1 5 1 6 1 7 1 8 ]

[ 18 60 −168 −56 −140 448 40 80 −280 ]

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For the following exercises, solve the system using the inverse of a 2 × 2 matrix.

   5 x 6 y = 61 4 x + 3 y = 2

( −5 , 6 )

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8 x + 4 y = −100 3 x −4 y = 1

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3 x −2 y = 6 x + 5 y = −2

( 2 , 0 )

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5 x −4 y = −5 4 x + y = 2.3

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−3 x −4 y = 9 12 x + 4 y = −6

( 1 3 , 5 2 )

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−2 x + 3 y = 3 10 x + 5 y = 1 2

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8 5 x 4 5 y = 2 5 8 5 x + 1 5 y = 7 10

( 2 3 , 11 6 )

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1 2 x + 1 5 y = 1 4 1 2 x 3 5 y = 9 4

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For the following exercises, solve a system using the inverse of a 3 × 3 matrix.

3 x −2 y + 5 z = 21 5 x + 4 y = 37 x −2 y −5 z = 5

( 7 , 1 2 , 1 5 )

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   4 x + 4 y + 4 z = 40    2 x 3 y + 4 z = −12   x + 3 y + 4 z = 9

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    6 x 5 y z = 31   x + 2 y + z = −6   3 x + 3 y + 2 z = 13

( 5 , 0 , −1 )

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6 x −5 y + 2 z = −4 2 x + 5 y z = 12 2 x + 5 y + z = 12

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4 x −2 y + 3 z = −12 2 x + 2 y −9 z = 33 6 y −4 z = 1

1 34 ( −35 , −97 , −154 )

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1 10 x 1 5 y + 4 z = −41 2 1 5 x −20 y + 2 5 z = −101 3 10 x + 4 y 3 10 z = 23

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1 2 x 1 5 y + 1 5 z = 31 100 3 4 x 1 4 y + 1 2 z = 7 40 4 5 x 1 2 y + 3 2 z = 1 4

1 690 ( 65 , −1136 , −229 )

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0.1 x + 0.2 y + 0.3 z = −1.4 0.1 x −0.2 y + 0.3 z = 0.6 0.4 y + 0.9 z = −2

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Technology

For the following exercises, use a calculator to solve the system of equations with matrix inverses.

2 x y = −3 x + 2 y = 2.3

( 37 30 , 8 15 )

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1 2 x 3 2 y = 43 20 5 2 x + 11 5 y = 31 4

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12.3 x −2 y −2.5 z = 2 36.9 x + 7 y −7.5 z = −7 8 y −5 z = −10

( 10 123 , −1 , 2 5 )

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0.5 x −3 y + 6 z = −0.8 0.7 x −2 y = −0.06 0.5 x + 4 y + 5 z = 0

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Extensions

For the following exercises, find the inverse of the given matrix.

[ 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 ]

1 2 [ 2 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 ]

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[ 1 0 2 5 0 0 0 2 0 2 1 0 1 3 0 1 ]

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[ 1 2 3 0 0 1 0 2 1 4 2 3 5 0 1 1 ]

1 39 [ 3 2 1 7 18 53 32 10 24 36 21 9 9 46 16 5 ]

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[ 1 2 0 2 3 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 3 0 1 0 2 0 0 1 0 0 1 2 0 ]

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[ 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 ]

[ 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 ]

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Real-world applications

For the following exercises, write a system of equations that represents the situation. Then, solve the system using the inverse of a matrix.

2,400 tickets were sold for a basketball game. If the prices for floor 1 and floor 2 were different, and the total amount of money brought in is $64,000, how much was the price of each ticket?

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In the previous exercise, if you were told there were 400 more tickets sold for floor 2 than floor 1, how much was the price of each ticket?

Infinite solutions.

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A food drive collected two different types of canned goods, green beans and kidney beans. The total number of collected cans was 350 and the total weight of all donated food was 348 lb, 12 oz. If the green bean cans weigh 2 oz less than the kidney bean cans, how many of each can was donated?

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Students were asked to bring their favorite fruit to class. 95% of the fruits consisted of banana, apple, and oranges. If oranges were twice as popular as bananas, and apples were 5% less popular than bananas, what are the percentages of each individual fruit?

50% oranges, 25% bananas, 20% apples

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A sorority held a bake sale to raise money and sold brownies and chocolate chip cookies. They priced the brownies at $1 and the chocolate chip cookies at $0.75. They raised $700 and sold 850 items. How many brownies and how many cookies were sold?

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A clothing store needs to order new inventory. It has three different types of hats for sale: straw hats, beanies, and cowboy hats. The straw hat is priced at $13.99, the beanie at $7.99, and the cowboy hat at $14.49. If 100 hats were sold this past quarter, $1,119 was taken in by sales, and the amount of beanies sold was 10 more than cowboy hats, how many of each should the clothing store order to replace those already sold?

10 straw hats, 50 beanies, 40 cowboy hats

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Anna, Ashley, and Andrea weigh a combined 370 lb. If Andrea weighs 20 lb more than Ashley, and Anna weighs 1.5 times as much as Ashley, how much does each girl weigh?

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Three roommates shared a package of 12 ice cream bars, but no one remembers who ate how many. If Tom ate twice as many ice cream bars as Joe, and Albert ate three less than Tom, how many ice cream bars did each roommate eat?

Tom ate 6, Joe ate 3, and Albert ate 3.

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A farmer constructed a chicken coop out of chicken wire, wood, and plywood. The chicken wire cost $2 per square foot, the wood $10 per square foot, and the plywood $5 per square foot. The farmer spent a total of $51, and the total amount of materials used was 14  ft 2 . He used 3 ft 2 more chicken wire than plywood. How much of each material in did the farmer use?

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Jay has lemon, orange, and pomegranate trees in his backyard. An orange weighs 8 oz, a lemon 5 oz, and a pomegranate 11 oz. Jay picked 142 pieces of fruit weighing a total of 70 lb, 10 oz. He picked 15.5 times more oranges than pomegranates. How many of each fruit did Jay pick?

124 oranges, 10 lemons, 8 pomegranates

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Questions & Answers

how does the planets on our solar system orbit
cheten Reply
how many Messier objects are there in space
satish Reply
did you g8ve certificate
Richard Reply
what are astronomy
Issan Reply
Astronomy (from Ancient Greek ἀστρονομία (astronomía) 'science that studies the laws of the stars') is a natural science that studies celestial objects and phenomena. It uses mathematics, physics, and chemistry in order to explain their origin and evolution.
Rafael
vjuvu
Elgoog
what is big bang theory?
Rosemary
what type of activity astronomer do?
Rosemary
No
Richard
the big bang theory is a theory which states that all matter was compressed together in one place the matter got so unstable it exploded releasing All its contents in the form of hydrogen
Roaul
I want to be an astronomer. That's my dream
Astrit
Who named the the whole galaxy?
Shola Reply
solar Univers
GPOWER
what is space
Richard
what is the dark matter
Richard
what are the factors upon which the atmosphere is stratified
Nicholas Reply
is the big bang the sun
Folakemi Reply
no
Sokak
bigbang is the beginning of the universe
Sokak
but thats just a theory
Sokak
nothing will happen, don't worry brother.
Vansh
what does comet means
GANGAIN Reply
these are Rocky substances between mars and jupiter
GANGAIN
Comets are cosmic snowballs of frozen gases , rock and dust that orbit the sun. They are mostly found between the orbits of Venus and Mercury.
Aarya
hllo
John
hi
John
qt rrt
John
r u there
John
hey can anyone guide me abt international astronomy olympiad
sahil
how can we learn right and true ?
Govinda Reply
why the moon is always appear in an elliptical shape
Gatjuol Reply
Because when astroid hit the Earth then a piece of elliptical shape of the earth was separated which is now called moon.
Hemen
what's see level?
lidiya Reply
Did you mean eye sight or sea level
Minal
oh sorry it's sea level
lidiya
according to the theory of astronomers why the moon is always appear in an elliptical orbit?
Gatjuol
hi !!! I am new in astronomy.... I have so many questions in mind .... all of scientists of the word they just give opinion only. but they never think true or false ... i respect all of them... I believes whole universe depending on true ...থিউরি
Govinda
hello
Jackson
hi
Elyana
we're all stars and galaxies a part of sun. how can science prove thx with respect old ancient times picture or books..or anything with respect to present time .but we r a part of that universe
w astronomy and cosmology!
Michele
another theory of universe except big ban
Albash Reply
how was universe born
Asmit Reply
there many theory to born universe but what is the reality of big bang theory to born universe
Asmit
what is the exact value of π?
Nagalakshmi
by big bang
universal
there are many theories regarding this it's on you believe any theory that you think is true ex. eternal inflation theory, oscillation model theory, multiple universe theory the big bang theory etc.
Aarya
I think after Big Bang!
Michele
from where on earth could u observe all the stars during the during the course of an year
Karuna Reply
I think it couldn't possible on earth
Nagalakshmi
in this time i don't Know
Michele
is that so. the question was in the end of this chapter
Karuna
in theory, you could see them all from the equator (though over the course of a year, not at pne time). stars are measured in "declination", which is how far N or S of the equator (90* to -90*). Polaris is the North star, and is ALMOST 90* (+89*). So it would just barely creep over the horizon.
Christopher
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Source:  OpenStax, College algebra. OpenStax CNX. Feb 06, 2015 Download for free at https://legacy.cnx.org/content/col11759/1.3
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